महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-76, verse-13

यच्चाप्यपश्यतोपायं धर्मिष्ठं मधुसूदन ।
उपायेन नृशंसेन हृता दुर्द्यूतदेविना ॥१३॥

13. yaccāpyapaśyatopāyaṁ dharmiṣṭhaṁ madhusūdana ,
upāyena nṛśaṁsena hṛtā durdyūtadevinā.

13. yat ca api apaśyataḥ upāyam dharmīṣṭham
madhusūdana upāyena nṛśaṃsena hṛtā durdyūtadevinā

13. And moreover, O Madhusudana, what was seized by the wicked gambler through a cruel stratagem, was taken even from one who did not perceive any most righteous (dharma) method.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - that which, what

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• अपश्यतः (apaśyataḥ) - of one not seeing, to one not perceiving

• उपायम् (upāyam) - means, method, stratagem

• धर्मीष्ठम् (dharmīṣṭham) - most righteous, most just, most constitutional

• मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Krishna, slayer of Madhu

• उपायेन (upāyena) - by means, by method, by stratagem

• नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by cruel, by wicked

• हृता (hṛtā) - referring to an implied feminine object like fortune, wealth, or land, which was stolen in the dice game. (stolen, taken away, seized)

• दुर्द्यूतदेविना (durdyūtadevinā) - by the wicked gambler

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - that which, what

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

अपश्यतः (apaśyataḥ) - of one not seeing, to one not perceiving

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, unseeing, unaware

Present Active Participle

Negated present active participle of root dṛś (to see), with prefix a- (not). Formed from paśyant.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• paśyat – seeing, perceiving
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of root dṛś (to see), stem paśyant.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

उपायम् (upāyam) - means, method, stratagem

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāya

upāya - means, method, approach, stratagem

From upa-i (to approach).

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

धर्मीष्ठम् (dharmīṣṭham) - most righteous, most just, most constitutional

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmīṣṭha

dharmīṣṭha - most righteous, most virtuous, most observant of natural law (dharma)

Superlative form of dharmika (righteous), derived from dharma.

मधुसूदन (madhusūdana) - O Krishna, slayer of Madhu

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of the demon Madhu, an epithet of Vishnu/Krishna

Compound: Madhu (name of a demon) + sūdana (slayer).

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, name of a demon
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  From root sūd (to kill, destroy).
  Root: sūd (class 10)

उपायेन (upāyena) - by means, by method, by stratagem

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upāya

upāya - means, method, approach, stratagem

From upa-i (to approach).

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by cruel, by wicked

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, atrocious, inhuman

हृता (hṛtā) - referring to an implied feminine object like fortune, wealth, or land, which was stolen in the dice game. (stolen, taken away, seized)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛta

hṛta - taken, carried, seized, stolen, captivated

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root hṛ (to take, carry, steal).

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used as a predicate, agreeing with an implied feminine noun such as 'fortune' (śrī) or 'wealth' (sampad).

दुर्द्यूतदेविना (durdyūtadevinā) - by the wicked gambler

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durdyūtadevin

durdyūtadevin - wicked gambler, evil dice-player

Compound: dur (bad) + dyūta (gambling) + devin (player).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dur+dyūta+devin)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness or difficulty.
• dyūta – gambling, dice-play
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From root div (to play).
  Root: div (class 4)
• devin – player, gambler
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root div (to play).
  Root: div (class 4)