महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-73, verse-10

अकस्मात्स्मयमानश्च रहस्यास्से रुदन्निव ।
जान्वोर्मूर्धानमाधाय चिरमास्से प्रमीलितः ॥१०॥

10. akasmātsmayamānaśca rahasyāsse rudanniva ,
jānvormūrdhānamādhāya ciramāsse pramīlitaḥ.

10. akasmāt smayamānaḥ ca rahasya āsse rudan iva
jānvoh mūrdhānam ādhāya ciram āsse pramīlitaḥ

10. You suddenly smile, and then secretly sit as if weeping. Placing your head on your knees, you remain for a long time with your eyes closed.

Words meanings summery:

• अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - suddenly, unexpectedly

• स्मयमानः (smayamānaḥ) - smiling, laughing

• च (ca) - and, also

• रहस्य (rahasya) - secretly, privately, in solitude

• आस्से (āsse) - you sit, you are

• रुदन् (rudan) - weeping, crying

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• जान्वोह् (jānvoh) - of the knees, on the knees

• मूर्धानम् (mūrdhānam) - head

• आधाय (ādhāya) - having placed, having put

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, for long

• आस्से (āsse) - you sit, you are

• प्रमीलितः (pramīlitaḥ) - with closed eyes, having closed eyes

Words meanings and morphology

अकस्मात् (akasmāt) - suddenly, unexpectedly

(indeclinable)

स्मयमानः (smayamānaḥ) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smayamāna

smayamāna - smiling, laughing, showing pleasure

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root smi (to smile), class 1, with present middle participle suffix -māna.

Root: smi (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

रहस्य (rahasya) - secretly, privately, in solitude

(indeclinable)

आस्से (āsse) - you sit, you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Present Middle

Derived from root ās, class 2, present middle 2nd singular.

Root: ās (class 2)

रुदन् (rudan) - weeping, crying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root rud (to weep), class 2, with present active participle suffix -at.

Root: rud (class 2)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

जान्वोह् (jānvoh) - of the knees, on the knees

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of jānu

jānu - knee

Note: Used here with a locative sense: 'on the knees'.

मूर्धानम् (mūrdhānam) - head

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, skull, top

आधाय (ādhāya) - having placed, having put

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root dhā (to place, hold) with upasarga ā, and absolutive suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, for long

(indeclinable)

आस्से (āsse) - you sit, you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Present Middle

Derived from root ās, class 2, present middle 2nd singular.

Root: ās (class 2)

प्रमीलितः (pramīlitaḥ) - with closed eyes, having closed eyes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramīlita

pramīlita - having closed eyes, blind, shut

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mīl (to wink, close eyes) with upasarga pra, and past passive participle suffix -ita.

Prefix: pra

Root: mīl (class 1)