महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-195, verse-4

मासेनेति च तेनोक्तो धार्तराष्ट्रः सुदुर्मतिः ।
तावता चापि कालेन द्रोणोऽपि प्रत्यजानत ॥४॥

4. māseneti ca tenokto dhārtarāṣṭraḥ sudurmatiḥ ,
tāvatā cāpi kālena droṇo'pi pratyajānata.

4. māsena iti ca tena uktaḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ sudurmatiḥ
tāvatā ca api kālena droṇaḥ api pratyajānat

4. ca tena uktaḥ sudurmatiḥ dhārtarāṣṭraḥ "māsena" iti.
ca tāvatā api kālena droṇaḥ api pratyajānat

4. "In a month," was what he (Bhishma) stated to the evil-minded son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana). And Drona also made a similar declaration for the same period.

Words meanings summery:

• मासेन (māsena) - by a month, in a month, within a month

• इति (iti) - marks the preceding phrase as a quotation (thus, so, in this way)

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेन (tena) - by Bhishma (by him)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, spoken, told

• धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (Dhritarashtra's son)

• सुदुर्मतिः (sudurmatiḥ) - Duryodhana, characterized as evil-minded (evil-minded, very foolish, misguided)

• तावता (tāvatā) - for that period (referring to a month) (by that much, by that quantity/extent, for that long)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time, within a period

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• प्रत्यजानत् (pratyajānat) - He made a vow or declaration, agreeing to the same timeframe. (he declared, he promised, he acknowledged)

Words meanings and morphology

मासेन (māsena) - by a month, in a month, within a month

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

इति (iti) - marks the preceding phrase as a quotation (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

Particle

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'iti' with the statement 'tena uktaḥ'.

तेन (tena) - by Bhishma (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Bhishma from the previous verse.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - said, spoken, told

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak), irregular participle.

Root: vac (class 2)

धार्तराष्ट्रः (dhārtarāṣṭraḥ) - Duryodhana (Dhritarashtra's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhritarashtra, son of Dhritarashtra

derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra by adding a patronymic suffix (aṇ)

Note: The person to whom it was said.

सुदुर्मतिः (sudurmatiḥ) - Duryodhana, characterized as evil-minded (evil-minded, very foolish, misguided)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudurmati

sudurmati - evil-minded, ill-disposed, wicked, very foolish

su (good, intensely) + dur (bad, difficult) + mati (mind, intelligence). Here, su acts as an intensifier for durmati.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durmati)

• su – good, well, very, intensely
  indeclinable
  Prefix/intensifier
• durmati – evil-minded, ill-disposed, foolish
  noun (feminine)
  dur (bad) + mati (mind)
  Prefix: dur

Note: Qualifies dhārtarāṣṭraḥ.

तावता (tāvatā) - for that period (referring to a month) (by that much, by that quantity/extent, for that long)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tāvat

tāvat - so much, so many, so long, to that extent

From tad (that) + suffix vat

Note: Corresponds to māsena.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Particle

कालेन (kālena) - by time, in time, within a period

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

Note: Qualifies tāvatā.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name), a measure of grain

Guru Drona, the teacher of Pandavas and Kauravas.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Particle

प्रत्यजानत् (pratyajānat) - He made a vow or declaration, agreeing to the same timeframe. (he declared, he promised, he acknowledged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prati-jñā

Past Imperfect (laṅ)

From prati (back, again) + root jñā (to know), with augment a- and reduplication in some forms.

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)