महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-195, verse-2

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य सैन्येषु ये चारपुरुषा मम ।
ते प्रवृत्तिं प्रयच्छन्ति ममेमां व्युषितां निशाम् ॥२॥

2. dhārtarāṣṭrasya sainyeṣu ye cārapuruṣā mama ,
te pravṛttiṁ prayacchanti mamemāṁ vyuṣitāṁ niśām.

2. dhārtarāṣṭrasya sainyeṣu ye cārapuruṣāḥ mama te
pravṛttim prayacchanti mama imām vyuṣitām niśām

2. ye mama cārapuruṣāḥ dhārtarāṣṭrasya sainyeṣu,
te mama imām vyuṣitām niśām pravṛttim prayacchanti

2. My spies, who are stationed within the army of Dhritarashtra's son, provide me with this information concerning the night that has just passed.

Words meanings summery:

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana (of Dhritarashtra's son)

• सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - in the armies, among the troops

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• चारपुरुषाः (cārapuruṣāḥ) - spies, secret agents

• मम (mama) - my

• ते (te) - they, those

• प्रवृत्तिम् (pravṛttim) - information, news, activity

• प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they provide, they convey

• मम (mama) - to me

• इमाम् (imām) - this

• व्युषिताम् (vyuṣitām) - passed, spent, dawned

• निशाम् (niśām) - night

Words meanings and morphology

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana (of Dhritarashtra's son)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhritarashtra, son of Dhritarashtra

derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra by adding a patronymic suffix (aṇ)

सैन्येषु (sainyeṣu) - in the armies, among the troops

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - an army, a troop; pertaining to an army

from senā (army) + suffix ya

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, that

Note: Refers to cārapuruṣāḥ.

चारपुरुषाः (cārapuruṣāḥ) - spies, secret agents

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cārapuruṣa

cārapuruṣa - spy, secret agent, scout

Compound type : tatpurusha (cāra+puruṣa)

• cāra – moving, wandering, spying, reconnaissance
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'car' (to move)
  Root: car (class 1)
• puruṣa – man, person, male, spirit (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

मम (mama) - my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun

Note: Can also be dative singular. Here, genitive (my spies).

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Correlates with ye.

प्रवृत्तिम् (pravṛttim) - information, news, activity

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - information, news, activity, report, occurrence

From pra + root vṛt (to turn, exist) + suffix ti

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of prayacchanti.

प्रयच्छन्ति (prayacchanti) - they give, they provide, they convey

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pra-yam

Present active indicative

Root yam (to give, to restrain) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Subject is te (the spies).

मम (mama) - to me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun

Note: The recipient of the information.

इमाम् (imām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Qualifies pravṛttim and niśām.

व्युषिताम् (vyuṣitām) - passed, spent, dawned

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyuṣita

vyuṣita - past, spent, dawned, gone by

Past Passive Participle

From vi + vas (to shine, dwell)

Prefix: vi

Root: vas (class 4)

Note: Participial adjective.

निशाम् (niśām) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

Note: Object of implied verb or qualifies pravṛttim (information about the night).