महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-191, verse-12

भयेन महताविष्टो हृदि शोकेन चाहतः ।
पाञ्चालराजो दयितां मातरं वै शिखण्डिनः ॥१२॥

12. bhayena mahatāviṣṭo hṛdi śokena cāhataḥ ,
pāñcālarājo dayitāṁ mātaraṁ vai śikhaṇḍinaḥ.

12. bhayena mahatā āviṣṭaḥ hṛdi śokena ca āhataḥ
pāñcālarājaḥ dayitām mātaram vai śikhaṇḍinaḥ

12. pāñcālarājaḥ mahatā bhayena āviṣṭaḥ ca hṛdi
śokena āhataḥ śikhaṇḍinaḥ dayitām mātaram vai

12. Overcome by great fear and afflicted in his heart by sorrow, the King of Pañcāla reflected upon Śikhaṇḍin's beloved mother.

Words meanings summery:

• भयेन (bhayena) - by fear, due to fear

• महता (mahatā) - by great, by mighty

• आविष्टः (āviṣṭaḥ) - overcome (entered, pervaded, possessed, overcome)

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

• शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow, with grief

• च (ca) - and, also

• आहतः (āhataḥ) - afflicted (struck, hit, afflicted, wounded)

• पाञ्चालराजः (pāñcālarājaḥ) - Dhrupada, the King of Pañcāla (the king of Pañcāla)

• दयिताम् (dayitām) - beloved, dear

• मातरम् (mātaram) - Śikhaṇḍin's biological mother, Dhrupada's wife (mother)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

• शिखण्डिनः (śikhaṇḍinaḥ) - of Śikhaṇḍin

Words meanings and morphology

भयेन (bhayena) - by fear, due to fear

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread

Root: bhī (class 3)

महता (mahatā) - by great, by mighty

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Declined form of 'mahat' (great), agreeing with 'bhayena'.

आविष्टः (āviṣṭaḥ) - overcome (entered, pervaded, possessed, overcome)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āviṣṭa

āviṣṭa - entered, pervaded, possessed, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'viś' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: viś (class 6)

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, breast

शोकेन (śokena) - by sorrow, with grief

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

Root: śuc (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आहतः (āhataḥ) - afflicted (struck, hit, afflicted, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āhata

āhata - struck, hit, afflicted, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

पाञ्चालराजः (pāñcālarājaḥ) - Dhrupada, the King of Pañcāla (the king of Pañcāla)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāñcālarāja

pāñcālarāja - king of Pañcāla

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāñcāla+rāja)

• pāñcāla – Pañcāla (a country/region in ancient India)
  proper noun (neuter)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

दयिताम् (dayitām) - beloved, dear

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dayitā

dayitā - beloved, dear, desired; a beloved woman, wife

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'day' (to pity, to love, to cherish).

Root: day (class 1)

मातरम् (mātaram) - Śikhaṇḍin's biological mother, Dhrupada's wife (mother)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

शिखण्डिनः (śikhaṇḍinaḥ) - of Śikhaṇḍin

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Śikhaṇḍin (a proper name, character in the Mahābhārata)