महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-137, verse-9

मिथ्योपचरिता ह्येते वर्तमाना ह्यनु प्रिये ।
अहितत्वाय कल्पन्ते दोषा भरतसत्तम ॥९॥

9. mithyopacaritā hyete vartamānā hyanu priye ,
ahitatvāya kalpante doṣā bharatasattama.

9. mithyā-upacaritāḥ hi ete vartamānāḥ hi anu
priye ahitatvāya kalpante doṣāḥ bharatasattama

9. bharatasattama ete doṣāḥ hi mithyā-upacaritāḥ
hi anu priye vartamānāḥ ahitatvāya kalpante

9. O best of Bharatas, these faults, which are mistakenly indulged in according to what is pleasing (priye), indeed lead to harm.

Words meanings summery:

• मिथ्या-उपचरिताः (mithyā-upacaritāḥ) - wrongly treated, improperly observed, mistakenly practiced

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• एते (ete) - these

• वर्तमानाः (vartamānāḥ) - existing, present, being

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• अनु (anu) - according to, after, along

• प्रिये (priye) - in what is dear, for what is pleasing

• अहितत्वाय (ahitatvāya) - for harm, for detriment, for the state of being harmful

• कल्पन्ते (kalpante) - they become, they are capable of, they lead to

• दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - faults, defects, vices

• भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of Bharatas

Words meanings and morphology

मिथ्या-उपचरिताः (mithyā-upacaritāḥ) - wrongly treated, improperly observed, mistakenly practiced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mithyā-upacarita

mithyā-upacarita - wrongly treated, improperly observed, mistakenly practiced

Past Passive Participle (for upacarita)

Compound of 'mithyā' (adv. wrongly) and 'upacarita' (PPP of upa- √car 'to behave, treat')

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mithyā+upacarita)

• mithyā – wrongly, falsely
  indeclinable
• upacarita – treated, observed, practiced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From upa-√car, 'to approach, treat, behave'
  Prefix: upa
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Modifies doṣāḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Refers to doṣāḥ.

वर्तमानाः (vartamānāḥ) - existing, present, being

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present

Present Active Participle

From √vṛt 'to be, exist'

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Modifies doṣāḥ.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

अनु (anu) - according to, after, along

(indeclinable)

प्रिये (priye) - in what is dear, for what is pleasing

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing

Note: Object of 'anu'.

अहितत्वाय (ahitatvāya) - for harm, for detriment, for the state of being harmful

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of ahitatva

ahitatva - harmfulness, detriment, state of being hostile/unfavorable

Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'hita' (good, beneficial) + 'tva' (suffix for abstract noun).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita+tva)

• a – not, non, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• hita – beneficial, good, suitable
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā 'to place' with hi- substitution
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• tva – -ness, -hood (suffix forming abstract nouns)
  suffix (neuter)

Note: Expresses purpose ("for harm").

कल्पन्ते (kalpante) - they become, they are capable of, they lead to

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of √kḷp

Root: kḷp (class 10)

Note: Its subject is doṣāḥ.

दोषाः (doṣāḥ) - faults, defects, vices

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of doṣa

doṣa - fault, defect, vice, blame

Root: duṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of kalpante.

भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of Bharatas

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatasattama

bharatasattama - best among the Bharatas

Compound of 'bharata' (name of a lineage) and 'sattama' (superlative of sat 'good, excellent').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+sattama)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of 'sat' (√as, to be)
  Root: as (class 2)