महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-137, verse-3

भीष्म उवाच ।
शुश्रूषुमनसूयं च ब्रह्मण्यं सत्यसंगरम् ।
प्रतियोत्स्यामहे पार्थमतो दुःखतरं नु किम् ॥३॥

3. bhīṣma uvāca ,
śuśrūṣumanasūyaṁ ca brahmaṇyaṁ satyasaṁgaram ,
pratiyotsyāmahe pārthamato duḥkhataraṁ nu kim.

3. bhīṣma uvāca | śuśrūṣum anasūyam ca brāhmaṇyam satya-saṃgaram
| pratiyotsyāmahe pārtham ataḥ duḥkhataram nu kim

3. bhīṣma uvāca śuśrūṣum anasūyam ca brāhmaṇyam satya-saṃgaram
pārtham pratiyotsyāmahe ataḥ duḥkhataram nu kim

3. Bhīṣma said, "What indeed could be more sorrowful than having to fight against Pārtha, who is devoted, free from malice, respectful of sacred knowledge (brāhmaṇya), and truthful in his commitments?"

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru patriarch)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शुश्रूषुम् (śuśrūṣum) - devoted, obedient, attentive, desirous of hearing

• अनसूयम् (anasūyam) - free from malice, not envious, ungrudging

• च (ca) - and, also

• ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - respectful of sacred knowledge, devoted to Brahmins

• सत्य-संगरम् (satya-saṁgaram) - truthful in commitments, keeping one's word

• प्रतियोत्स्यामहे (pratiyotsyāmahe) - we shall fight against

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha (Arjuna)

• अतः (ataḥ) - than this, from this, therefore

• दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more sorrowful, more painful

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then (particle)

• किम् (kim) - what, why, who

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru patriarch)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma, the formidable one (name of a character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect active

Root 'vac' (to speak), perfect tense, 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

शुश्रूषुम् (śuśrūṣum) - devoted, obedient, attentive, desirous of hearing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śuśrūṣu

śuśrūṣu - desirous of hearing, obedient, devoted, diligent

desiderative agent noun

Derived from the desiderative stem of root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

अनसूयम् (anasūyam) - free from malice, not envious, ungrudging

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anasūya

anasūya - not envious, free from malice, ungrudging

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+asūya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• asūya – envious, malicious
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sūy (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मण्यम् (brāhmaṇyam) - respectful of sacred knowledge, devoted to Brahmins

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇya

brāhmaṇya - devoted to Brahmins, respectful of sacred knowledge, pious

Derived from 'brāhmaṇa' (Brahmin, related to Brahma/Vedas).

सत्य-संगरम् (satya-saṁgaram) - truthful in commitments, keeping one's word

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of satya-saṃgara

satya-saṁgara - truthful in engagements, keeping one's word, true to promises

Compound type : bahuvrihi (satya+saṃgara)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• saṃgara – promise, vow, battle, engagement
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: gṛ (class 1)

प्रतियोत्स्यामहे (pratiyotsyāmahe) - we shall fight against

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of pratiyudh

future middle

Root 'yudh' (to fight) with prefix 'prati'. Future tense, 1st person plural middle voice.

Prefix: prati

Root: yudh (class 4)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Pārtha (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), an epithet of Arjuna

अतः (ataḥ) - than this, from this, therefore

(indeclinable)

दुःखतरम् (duḥkhataram) - more sorrowful, more painful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhatara

duḥkhatara - more sorrowful, more painful, worse

Comparative form of 'duḥkha' (sorrow).

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then (particle)

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what, why, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why