महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-137, verse-10

त्वमुक्तः कुरुवृद्धेन मया च विदुरेण च ।
वासुदेवेन च तथा श्रेयो नैवाभिपद्यसे ॥१०॥

10. tvamuktaḥ kuruvṛddhena mayā ca vidureṇa ca ,
vāsudevena ca tathā śreyo naivābhipadyase.

10. tvam uktaḥ kuruvṛddhena mayā ca vidureṇa ca
vāsudevena ca tathā śreyaḥ na eva abhipadyase

10. tvam kuruvṛddhena mayā ca vidureṇa ca tathā vāsudevena ca uktaḥ,
(tathāpi tvam) śreyaḥ na eva abhipadyase

10. You were advised by the elder of the Kurus, by me, by Vidura, and similarly by Vāsudeva; yet you do not attain what is good (śreyas).

Words meanings summery:

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - told, spoken to, advised

• कुरुवृद्धेन (kuruvṛddhena) - by Bhīṣma, the grand-uncle and revered elder of the Kuru dynasty. (by the elder of the Kurus)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• च (ca) - and

• विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

• च (ca) - and

• वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Kṛṣṇa, the son of Vasudeva. (by Vāsudeva)

• च (ca) - and

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare, good, prosperity, what is better

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• अभिपद्यसे (abhipadyase) - you attain, you obtain, you reach

Words meanings and morphology

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'uktaḥ' and implied subject of 'abhipadyase'.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - told, spoken to, advised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From √vac 'to speak'

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam'.

कुरुवृद्धेन (kuruvṛddhena) - by Bhīṣma, the grand-uncle and revered elder of the Kuru dynasty. (by the elder of the Kurus)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kuruvṛddha

kuruvṛddha - elder of the Kurus

Compound of 'kuru' (name of a dynasty) and 'vṛddha' (old, elder).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuru+vṛddha)

• kuru – belonging to the Kuru lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
• vṛddha – old, elder
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vṛdh 'to grow'
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I (pronoun)

Note: Agent in the passive construction (the speaker, possibly Sañjaya or Kṛṣṇa).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

विदुरेण (vidureṇa) - by Vidura

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

वासुदेवेन (vāsudevena) - by Kṛṣṇa, the son of Vasudeva. (by Vāsudeva)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Vāsudeva (epithet of Kṛṣṇa), son of Vasudeva

A patronymic from Vasudeva

Root: vas

Note: Agent in the passive construction.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the agents.

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare, good, prosperity, what is better

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - good, excellence, welfare, what is better

Comparative degree of śrī, also used as a noun

Root: śrī

Note: Object of 'abhipadyase'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

Note: Emphasizes the negation.

अभिपद्यसे (abhipadyase) - you attain, you obtain, you reach

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of abhi-√pad

From abhi- + √pad 'to go, fall'

Prefix: abhi

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Its subject is 'tvam'.