महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-117, verse-4

पुरा हि कन्यकुब्जे वै गाधेः सत्यवतीं सुताम् ।
भार्यार्थेऽवरयत्कन्यामृचीकस्तेन भाषितः ॥४॥

4. purā hi kanyakubje vai gādheḥ satyavatīṁ sutām ,
bhāryārthe'varayatkanyāmṛcīkastena bhāṣitaḥ.

4. purā hi kanyakubje vai gādheḥ satyavatīm sutām
bhāryārthe avarayat kanyām ṛcīkaḥ tena bhāṣitaḥ

4. Indeed, long ago, in Kanyakubja, Ṛcīka sought Satyavatī, the daughter of Gādhi, as his wife; he then made this statement:

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, long ago

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• कन्यकुब्जे (kanyakubje) - in Kanyakubja (ancient city)

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• गाधेः (gādheḥ) - of Gādhi (a king) (of Gādhi)

• सत्यवतीम् (satyavatīm) - Daughter of Gādhi (Satyavatī (proper name))

• सुताम् (sutām) - daughter

• भार्यार्थे (bhāryārthe) - for the purpose of a wife, as a wife

• अवरयत् (avarayat) - he sought, he chose, he requested

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden, daughter

• ऋचीकः (ṛcīkaḥ) - Ṛcīka (a sage)

• तेन (tena) - by Ṛcīka (by him)

• भाषितः (bhāṣitaḥ) - refers to the statement Ṛcīka made (spoken, said)

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, anciently, long ago

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

कन्यकुब्जे (kanyakubje) - in Kanyakubja (ancient city)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kanyakubja

kanyakubja - name of an ancient city (modern Kannauj)

Note: Refers to the city where the event took place.

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic.

गाधेः (gādheḥ) - of Gādhi (a king) (of Gādhi)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gādhi

gādhi - name of a king, father of Satyavatī

Note: Indicates possession, 'daughter of Gādhi'.

सत्यवतीम् (satyavatīm) - Daughter of Gādhi (Satyavatī (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satyavatī

satyavatī - name of a princess, daughter of Gādhi

Note: Object of 'avarayat'.

सुताम् (sutām) - daughter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sutā

sutā - daughter

Note: In apposition to 'satyavatīm'.

भार्यार्थे (bhāryārthe) - for the purpose of a wife, as a wife

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhāryārtha

bhāryārtha - for the sake of a wife, for a wife

Compound: bhāryā + artha

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāryā+artha)

• bhāryā – wife
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, object, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes purpose.

अवरयत् (avarayat) - he sought, he chose, he requested

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ava-vṛ

Imperfect (causative)

Imperfect 3rd person singular active (causative) of root vṛ with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Subject is Ṛcīkaḥ.

कन्याम् (kanyām) - maiden, daughter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - girl, maiden, daughter

Note: In apposition to 'satyavatīm'.

ऋचीकः (ṛcīkaḥ) - Ṛcīka (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛcīka

ṛcīka - name of a sage, father of Jamadagni

Note: Subject of 'avarayat'.

तेन (tena) - by Ṛcīka (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Agent of 'bhāṣitaḥ'.

भाषितः (bhāṣitaḥ) - refers to the statement Ṛcīka made (spoken, said)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, uttered, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root bhāṣ with suffix -ta

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective, implying 'it was said by him'.