महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-117, verse-3

सुपर्णस्त्वब्रवीदेनं गालवं पततां वरः ।
प्रयत्नस्ते न कर्तव्यो नैष संपत्स्यते तव ॥३॥

3. suparṇastvabravīdenaṁ gālavaṁ patatāṁ varaḥ ,
prayatnaste na kartavyo naiṣa saṁpatsyate tava.

3. suparṇaḥ tu abravīt enam gālavam patatām varaḥ
prayatnaḥ te na kartavyaḥ na eṣaḥ saṃpatsyate tava

3. But Suparṇa (Garuda), the best among flyers, said to Gālava, "You should not make this effort; it will not be accomplished for you."

Words meanings summery:

• सुपर्णः (suparṇaḥ) - Garuda (having good wings; a bird, an eagle; Garuda)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, however

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• एनम् (enam) - Gālava (him, this one)

• गालवम् (gālavam) - Gālava (accusative)

• पतताम् (patatām) - of those who fly, of birds

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent

• प्रयत्नः (prayatnaḥ) - effort, exertion

• ते (te) - by you, for you, your

• न (na) - not, no

• कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - to be done, should be done

• न (na) - not, no

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - refers to 'prayatnaḥ' (this effort) (this, this one)

• संपत्स्यते (saṁpatsyate) - it will succeed, it will be accomplished

• तव (tava) - your, for you

Words meanings and morphology

सुपर्णः (suparṇaḥ) - Garuda (having good wings; a bird, an eagle; Garuda)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suparṇa

suparṇa - well-winged, having beautiful wings; an eagle, a bird; specifically Garuḍa

Compound: su + parṇa (good/beautiful + wing)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet, however

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular active of root bru

Root: bru (class 2)

एनम् (enam) - Gālava (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him

गालवम् (gālavam) - Gālava (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - name of a sage, son of Viśvāmitra's disciple

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

पतताम् (patatām) - of those who fly, of birds

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - flying, a bird, flyer

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root pat with suffix -at

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun, qualifying 'varaḥ'.

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior; a boon, a wish

Note: Qualifies 'suparṇaḥ'.

प्रयत्नः (prayatnaḥ) - effort, exertion

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayatna

prayatna - effort, exertion, endeavour

Derived from root yat with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive construction with 'kartavyaḥ'.

ते (te) - by you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

Note: Here, implies 'by you' (agent in passive construction) or 'for you' (beneficiary).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - to be done, should be done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, fit to be done, proper to be done, duty

Gerundive

Derived from the root kṛ with suffix -tavya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'prayatnaḥ'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - refers to 'prayatnaḥ' (this effort) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Subject of 'saṃpatsyate'.

संपत्स्यते (saṁpatsyate) - it will succeed, it will be accomplished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of saṃpad

Future

Future 3rd person singular middle of root pad with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

तव (tava) - your, for you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvam

tvam - you (singular)

Note: Indicates possession or beneficiary.