महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-117, verse-15

किमियं पूर्वमेवेह न दत्ता मम गालव ।
पुत्रा ममैव चत्वारो भवेयुः कुलभावनाः ॥१५॥

15. kimiyaṁ pūrvameveha na dattā mama gālava ,
putrā mamaiva catvāro bhaveyuḥ kulabhāvanāḥ.

15. kim iyam pūrvam eva iha na dattā mama gālava
putrāḥ mama eva catvāraḥ bhaveyuḥ kulabhāvanāḥ

15. O Gālava, why was she not given to me earlier, right here? Then, four sons, who would perpetuate my lineage, could have been born to me.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - why? what?

• इयम् (iyam) - this maiden (Mādhavī) (she, this one)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• इह (iha) - here, in this place

• न (na) - not, no

• दत्ता (dattā) - given

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• गालव (gālava) - O Gālava

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• मम (mama) - my

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

• भवेयुः (bhaveyuḥ) - they could have been (born to me) (they should be, they might be, they could be)

• कुलभावनाः (kulabhāvanāḥ) - perpetuators of the lineage, those who maintain the family

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - why? what?

(indeclinable)

इयम् (iyam) - this maiden (Mādhavī) (she, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, before

(indeclinable)

adverbial use of neuter accusative

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दत्ता (dattā) - given

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dā

dā - to give, to grant, to offer

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root dā with suffix -ta, feminine form

Root: dā (class 3)

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

Note: Used here as dative of recipient: 'to me'

गालव (gālava) - O Gālava

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Gālava, a sage, a disciple of Viśvāmitra

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

मम (mama) - my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I (first person pronoun)

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

चत्वारः (catvāraḥ) - four

(numeral)

भवेयुः (bhaveyuḥ) - they could have been (born to me) (they should be, they might be, they could be)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

कुलभावनाः (kulabhāvanāḥ) - perpetuators of the lineage, those who maintain the family

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kulabhāvana

kulabhāvana - perpetuator of the family, one who maintains the lineage

Derived from kula (family) + bhāvana (causing to be, maintaining)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+bhāvana)

• kula – family, lineage, clan, race
  noun (neuter)
• bhāvana – causing to be, effecting, maintaining, forming, producer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from causative root bhāv (from bhū 'to be')
  Root: bhū (class 1)