महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-117, verse-19

अथाष्टकः पुरं प्रायात्तदा सोमपुरप्रभम् ।
निर्यात्य कन्यां शिष्याय कौशिकोऽपि वनं ययौ ॥१९॥

19. athāṣṭakaḥ puraṁ prāyāttadā somapuraprabham ,
niryātya kanyāṁ śiṣyāya kauśiko'pi vanaṁ yayau.

19. atha aṣṭakaḥ puram prāyāt tadā somapuraprabham |
niryātya kanyām śiṣyāya kauśikaḥ api vanam yayau

19. Then Aṣṭaka went to the city, splendid like Somapura. Kauśika (Viśvāmitra), having returned the maiden (Madhavi) to his disciple (Gālava), also went to the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, next, now

• अष्टकः (aṣṭakaḥ) - Aṣṭaka, son of Viśvāmitra and Madhavi (Aṣṭaka)

• पुरम् (puram) - to the city, city

• प्रायात् (prāyāt) - went, proceeded

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• सोमपुरप्रभम् (somapuraprabham) - splendid like Somapura, having the glory of Somapura

• निर्यात्य (niryātya) - having given away, having dismissed, having sent away, having returned

• कन्याम् (kanyām) - Madhavi, the maiden (the daughter, the maiden)

• शिष्याय (śiṣyāya) - to Gālava, Viśvāmitra's disciple (to the disciple)

• कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - Kauśika, a name for Viśvāmitra (Kauśika)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• वनम् (vanam) - forest as a place for ascetic practice (to the forest, forest)

• ययौ (yayau) - went

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

अष्टकः (aṣṭakaḥ) - Aṣṭaka, son of Viśvāmitra and Madhavi (Aṣṭaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṣṭaka

aṣṭaka - Aṣṭaka (proper name, son of Viśvāmitra and Madhavi)

Note: Subject of 'prāyāt'

पुरम् (puram) - to the city, city

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

Note: Object of motion for 'prāyāt'

प्रायात् (prāyāt) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-yā

Imperfect active

From root yā- (to go) with prefix pra-. Imperfect active 3rd singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Subject 'aṣṭakaḥ'

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad-

Note: Reinforces 'atha'

सोमपुरप्रभम् (somapuraprabham) - splendid like Somapura, having the glory of Somapura

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of somapuraprabha

somapuraprabha - having the splendor of Somapura

Compound of Soma-pura (city of Soma) and prabha (splendor, radiance)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (somapura+prabha)

• soma – Soma (a deity, sacred drink), moon
  noun (masculine)
• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• prabha – light, splendor, radiance
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhā- (to shine) with prefix pra-
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'puram'

निर्यात्य (niryātya) - having given away, having dismissed, having sent away, having returned

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root yā- (to go) with prefix nir-. Implying causative sense (having caused to go).

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Action performed by 'kauśikaḥ'

कन्याम् (kanyām) - Madhavi, the maiden (the daughter, the maiden)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - girl, maiden, daughter, virgin

Note: Object of 'niryātya'

शिष्याय (śiṣyāya) - to Gālava, Viśvāmitra's disciple (to the disciple)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, pupil, student

From root śās- (to teach, to instruct)

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Indicates the recipient of 'kanyām'

कौशिकः (kauśikaḥ) - Kauśika, a name for Viśvāmitra (Kauśika)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kauśika

kauśika - descendant of Kuśika, a name of Viśvāmitra

Patronymic from Kuśika

Note: Subject of 'yayau'

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

वनम् (vanam) - forest as a place for ascetic practice (to the forest, forest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, water

Root: van (class 1)

Note: Object of motion for 'yayau'

ययौ (yayau) - went

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect active

From root yā- (to go). Perfect active 3rd singular.

Root: yā (class 2)