महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-116, verse-8

न पुत्रफलभोक्ता हि राजर्षे पात्यते दिवः ।
न याति नरकं घोरं यत्र गच्छन्त्यनात्मजाः ॥८॥

8. na putraphalabhoktā hi rājarṣe pātyate divaḥ ,
na yāti narakaṁ ghoraṁ yatra gacchantyanātmajāḥ.

8. na putraphalabhoktā hi rājarṣe pātyate divaḥ na
yāti narakaṃ ghoram yatra gacchanti anātmajāḥ

8. Indeed, O royal sage, one who reaps the fruit of sons is not made to fall from heaven. He does not go to the dreadful hell where the childless (anātmajāḥ) go.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• पुत्रफलभोक्ता (putraphalabhoktā) - one who enjoys the fruit of sons, one who reaps the benefits of sons

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• राजर्षे (rājarṣe) - O royal sage

• पात्यते (pātyate) - is made to fall, is caused to fall

• दिवः (divaḥ) - from heaven, from the sky

• न (na) - not, no

• याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds

• नरकं (narakaṁ) - to hell

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, formidable

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go

• अनात्मजाः (anātmajāḥ) - childless, those without offspring

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

पुत्रफलभोक्ता (putraphalabhoktā) - one who enjoys the fruit of sons, one who reaps the benefits of sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putraphalabhoktṛ

putraphalabhoktṛ - one who enjoys the fruit/benefit of sons

Compound of 'putra' (son), 'phala' (fruit/result), and 'bhoktṛ' (enjoyer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+phala+bhoktṛ)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pū (class 1)
• phala – fruit, result, benefit, reward
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)
• bhoktṛ – enjoyer, consumer, experiencer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'bhuj' (to enjoy, eat).
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Emphatic or causal particle.

राजर्षे (rājarṣe) - O royal sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, a king who is also a sage

Compound of 'rājan' (king) and 'ṛṣi' (sage).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

पात्यते (pātyate) - is made to fall, is caused to fall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of pat

Causative Passive

Present 3rd person singular passive of the causative root 'pātyati' (from pat, 1st class).

Root: pat (class 1)

दिवः (divaḥ) - from heaven, from the sky

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, celestial region

Root: div (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of yā

Present 3rd person singular of root 'yā'.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: The subject is implied from 'putraphalabhoktā'.

नरकं (narakaṁ) - to hell

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, infernal region, purgatory

Root: nṛ

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, formidable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable

Root: ghur (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place, correlative to 'tatra'.

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they go

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of gam

Present 3rd person plural of root 'gam' (gacchati).

Root: gam (class 1)

अनात्मजाः (anātmajāḥ) - childless, those without offspring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anātmaja

anātmaja - childless, without progeny, not born of oneself

Compound of 'an' (not) and 'ātmaja' (son, born of self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (an+ātmaja)

• an – not, without
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• ātmaja – son, offspring, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'ātman' (self) and 'ja' (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Functions here as a substantive ('the childless').