महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-116, verse-1

नारद उवाच ।
तथैव सा श्रियं त्यक्त्वा कन्या भूत्वा यशस्विनी ।
माधवी गालवं विप्रमन्वयात्सत्यसंगरा ॥१॥

1. nārada uvāca ,
tathaiva sā śriyaṁ tyaktvā kanyā bhūtvā yaśasvinī ,
mādhavī gālavaṁ vipramanvayātsatyasaṁgarā.

1. nārada uvāca tathā eva sā śriyam tyaktvā kanyā bhūtvā
yaśasvinī mādhavī gālavam vipram anvayāt satyasaṃgarā

1. Nārada said: Similarly, Māadhavī, glorious (yaśasvinī) and firm in her vows (satyasaṃgarā), having abandoned her opulence (śriyam) and having become a maiden (kanyā) again, followed the Brahmin Gālava.

Words meanings summery:

• नारद (nārada) - Nārada (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in conjunction with 'eva' (thus, so, in that manner)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'tathā', hence 'similarly, just so'. (indeed, only, just, even, certainly)

• सा (sā) - Refers to Māadhavī. (she, that (feminine))

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - opulence or royal status/comforts. (splendor, prosperity, beauty, wealth, opulence)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left, having forsaken

• कन्या (kanyā) - a maiden again, referring to the boon. (maiden, daughter, girl)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

• यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - glorious, famous, renowned

• माधवी (mādhavī) - Māadhavī (proper noun)

• गालवम् (gālavam) - Gālava (accusative)

• विप्रम् (vipram) - Refers to the sage Gālava. (Brahmin, sage)

• अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - she followed, she went after

• सत्यसंगरा (satyasaṁgarā) - firm in vows, true to promise

Words meanings and morphology

नारद (nārada) - Nārada (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (name of a divine sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Reduplicated perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in conjunction with 'eva' (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'tathā', hence 'similarly, just so'. (indeed, only, just, even, certainly)

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - Refers to Māadhavī. (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

श्रियम् (śriyam) - opulence or royal status/comforts. (splendor, prosperity, beauty, wealth, opulence)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - splendor, prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, fortune, goddess Lakṣmī

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having left, having forsaken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Verb form functioning adverbially.

कन्या (kanyā) - a maiden again, referring to the boon. (maiden, daughter, girl)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kanyā

kanyā - maiden, daughter, girl

Note: Predicate nominative with bhūtvā.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Verb form functioning adverbially.

यशस्विनी (yaśasvinī) - glorious, famous, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, famous, renowned, possessing fame

Derived from yaśas (fame).

Note: Qualifies Māadhavī.

माधवी (mādhavī) - Māadhavī (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mādhavī

mādhavī - Māadhavī (name of Yayati's daughter, given to Gālava)

गालवम् (gālavam) - Gālava (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gālava

gālava - Gālava (name of a sage)

विप्रम् (vipram) - Refers to the sage Gālava. (Brahmin, sage)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, sage, inspired

Note: Qualifies Gālava.

अन्वयात् (anvayāt) - she followed, she went after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of anvi

From root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Aorist form for 'i' root in combination with 'anu' is anvagāt, so anvayāt is imperfect.

सत्यसंगरा (satyasaṁgarā) - firm in vows, true to promise

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of satyasaṃgara

satyasaṁgara - whose promises are true, firm in resolve

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+saṃgara)

• satya – truth, true
  noun (neuter)
• saṃgara – vow, promise, agreement, engagement
  noun (masculine)
  From root gṝ with prefix saṃ.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: gṝ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies Māadhavī.