महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-11, verse-22

अथ शुश्राव नहुष इन्द्राणीं शरणं गताम् ।
बृहस्पतेरङ्गिरसश्चुक्रोध स नृपस्तदा ॥२२॥

22. atha śuśrāva nahuṣa indrāṇīṁ śaraṇaṁ gatām ,
bṛhaspateraṅgirasaścukrodha sa nṛpastadā.

22. atha śuśrāva nahuṣaḥ indrāṇīm śaraṇam gatām
bṛhaspateḥ aṅgirasaḥ cukrodha sa nṛpaḥ tadā

22. Then Nahuṣa heard that Indrāṇī had sought refuge with Bṛhaspati, the son of Aṅgiras. At that, the king (Nahuṣa) became angry.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - he heard

• नहुषः (nahuṣaḥ) - King Nahuṣa (Nahuṣa)

• इन्द्राणीम् (indrāṇīm) - Indrāṇī

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter

• गताम् (gatām) - who had sought (refuge) (gone, arrived)

• बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Bṛhaspati

• अङ्गिरसः (aṅgirasaḥ) - of Bṛhaspati, who is also known as the son of Aṅgiras (of Aṅgiras, son of Aṅgiras)

• चुक्रोध (cukrodha) - he became angry

• स (sa) - that king (Nahuṣa) (that, he)

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Nahuṣa (king, ruler)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating sequence or commencement.

शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - he heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śru

Perfect tense, active voice

Root śru (class 5, P), Perfect tense (liṭ), Active voice (parasmaipada) formation, 3rd person singular. Reduplication (śu-śru).

Root: śru (class 5)

नहुषः (nahuṣaḥ) - King Nahuṣa (Nahuṣa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (name of a king, who usurped Indra's throne)

Masculine nominative singular.

इन्द्राणीम् (indrāṇīm) - Indrāṇī

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of indrāṇī

indrāṇī - Indrāṇī (the wife of Indra)

Feminine accusative singular.

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, shelter

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, home

Neuter accusative singular.

Root: śṛ (class 1)

गताम् (gatām) - who had sought (refuge) (gone, arrived)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, passed, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go). Feminine accusative singular, agreeing with indrāṇīm.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: PPP, modifying Indrāṇīm.

बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Bṛhaspati

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Bṛhaspati (preceptor of the gods, planet Jupiter)

Masculine genitive singular.

अङ्गिरसः (aṅgirasaḥ) - of Bṛhaspati, who is also known as the son of Aṅgiras (of Aṅgiras, son of Aṅgiras)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of aṅgiras

aṅgiras - Aṅgiras (name of an ancient sage), a descendant of Aṅgiras

Masculine genitive singular.

चुक्रोध (cukrodha) - he became angry

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of krudh

Perfect tense, active voice

Root krudh (class 4, P), Perfect tense (liṭ), Active voice (parasmaipada) formation, 3rd person singular. Reduplication (cu-krudh).

Root: krudh (class 4)

स (sa) - that king (Nahuṣa) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular of tad. Before a consonant, the visarga of `saḥ` (masc. nom. sg.) becomes `s`.

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Nahuṣa (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Masculine nominative singular. Bahuvrīhi compound 'protector of men'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Stem form for compound.
  Root: nṛ
• pa – protector, guardian, one who drinks
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.