महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-31, verse-3

भीमाश्च मत्तमातङ्गास्तोमराङ्कुशचोदिताः ।
ग्रामणीयैः समारूढाः कुशलैर्हस्तिसादिभिः ॥३॥

3. bhīmāśca mattamātaṅgāstomarāṅkuśacoditāḥ ,
grāmaṇīyaiḥ samārūḍhāḥ kuśalairhastisādibhiḥ.

3. bhīmāḥ ca mattmātaṅgāḥ tomarāṅkuśacoditāḥ
grāmaṇīyaiḥ samārūḍhāḥ kuśalaiḥ hastisādibhiḥ

3. And formidable, frenzied elephants, spurred on by javelins and goads, were mounted by skillful elephant riders and chieftains.

Words meanings summery:

• भीमाः (bhīmāḥ) - terrible, formidable, dreadful

• च (ca) - and

• मत्त्मातङ्गाः (mattmātaṅgāḥ) - frenzied elephants

• तोमराङ्कुशचोदिताः (tomarāṅkuśacoditāḥ) - impelled by javelins and goads, spurred on by javelins and goads

• ग्रामणीयैः (grāmaṇīyaiḥ) - by chieftains, by leaders

• समारूढाः (samārūḍhāḥ) - mounted upon, ascended

• कुशलैः (kuśalaiḥ) - by skillful ones, by experts

• हस्तिसादिभिः (hastisādibhiḥ) - by elephant riders

Words meanings and morphology

भीमाः (bhīmāḥ) - terrible, formidable, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, dreadful, formidable, fierce

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

मत्त्मातङ्गाः (mattmātaṅgāḥ) - frenzied elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mattmātaṅga

mattmātaṅga - a frenzied or intoxicated elephant

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (matta+mātaṅga)

• matta – intoxicated, frenzied, mad, lustful
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mad
  Root: mad (class 4)
• mātaṅga – elephant, a specific caste
  noun (masculine)

तोमराङ्कुशचोदिताः (tomarāṅkuśacoditāḥ) - impelled by javelins and goads, spurred on by javelins and goads

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tomarāṅkuśacodita

tomarāṅkuśacodita - impelled or urged by javelins and goads

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tomara+aṅkuśa+codita)

• tomara – javelin, spear
  noun (masculine)
• aṅkuśa – elephant goad, hook
  noun (masculine)
• codita – impelled, urged, prompted, directed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root cud
  Root: cud (class 10)

ग्रामणीयैः (grāmaṇīyaiḥ) - by chieftains, by leaders

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of grāmaṇī

grāmaṇī - leader of a village, chieftain, headman

समारूढाः (samārūḍhāḥ) - mounted upon, ascended

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samārūḍha

samārūḍha - mounted, ascended, climbed upon

Past Passive Participle

From root ruh with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

कुशलैः (kuśalaiḥ) - by skillful ones, by experts

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuśala

kuśala - clever, skillful, proficient, well-being, good fortune

हस्तिसादिभिः (hastisādibhiḥ) - by elephant riders

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hastisādin

hastisādin - an elephant rider

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (hastin+sādin)

• hastin – elephant, one having hands/trunk
  noun (masculine)
• sādin – rider, charioteer, mounted warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from sad
  From root sad (to sit) with suffix -in
  Root: sad (class 1)