महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-31, verse-19

तौ व्यावहरतां तत्र महात्मानौ महाबलौ ।
अन्योन्यमभिगर्जन्तौ गोष्ठे गोवृषभाविव ॥१९॥

19. tau vyāvaharatāṁ tatra mahātmānau mahābalau ,
anyonyamabhigarjantau goṣṭhe govṛṣabhāviva.

19. tau vyāvaharatām tatra mahātmānau mahābalau
anyonyam abhigarjantau goṣṭhe govṛṣabhau iva

19. There, those two great-souled and mighty individuals fought, roaring at each other like two bulls in a cow-pen.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two (individuals) (those two)

• व्यावहरताम् (vyāvaharatām) - they fought (they contended, they fought, they exchanged words/blows)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

• महात्मानौ (mahātmānau) - two great-souled individuals (two great-souled ones, two noble ones)

• महाबलौ (mahābalau) - two mighty (individuals) (two very mighty ones, two powerful ones)

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

• अभिगर्जन्तौ (abhigarjantau) - roaring at each other (roaring, thundering, shouting at)

• गोष्ठे (goṣṭhe) - in a cow-pen (in a cow-pen, in a cattle-shed)

• गोवृषभौ (govṛṣabhau) - two bulls (two bulls, two chief bulls)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two (individuals) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

व्यावहरताम् (vyāvaharatām) - they fought (they contended, they fought, they exchanged words/blows)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyāvahṛ

Imperfect tense

From √hṛ (to carry) with prefixes `vi` and `ava`. 3rd Dual Imperfect Parasmaipada.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Formed from `tad` + `tra` suffix.

महात्मानौ (mahātmānau) - two great-souled individuals (two great-souled ones, two noble ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, illustrious (referring to ātman (self))

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tau'.

महाबलौ (mahābalau) - two mighty (individuals) (two very mighty ones, two powerful ones)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very mighty, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'tau'.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

(indeclinable)

From 'anya' + 'anya'.

अभिगर्जन्तौ (abhigarjantau) - roaring at each other (roaring, thundering, shouting at)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of abhigarjat

abhigarjat - roaring, thundering, shouting, defying

Present Active Participle

Derived from √garj (to roar, thunder) with `abhi` prefix, using -śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tau'.

गोष्ठे (goṣṭhe) - in a cow-pen (in a cow-pen, in a cattle-shed)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of goṣṭha

goṣṭha - cow-pen, cattle-shed, assembly, collection of cows

गोवृषभौ (govṛṣabhau) - two bulls (two bulls, two chief bulls)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of govṛṣabha

govṛṣabha - bull, chief bull, excellent bull

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+vṛṣabha)

• go – cow, cattle
  noun (feminine)
• vṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)