महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-31, verse-10

निघ्नन्तः समरेऽन्योन्यं शूराः परिघबाहवः ।
न शेकुरभिसंरब्धाः शूरान्कर्तुं पराङ्मुखान् ॥१०॥

10. nighnantaḥ samare'nyonyaṁ śūrāḥ parighabāhavaḥ ,
na śekurabhisaṁrabdhāḥ śūrānkartuṁ parāṅmukhān.

10. nighnantaḥ samare anyonyam śūrāḥ parighabāhavaḥ
na śekuḥ abhisaṃrabdhāḥ śūrān kartum parāṅmukhān

10. In battle, the brave heroes, whose arms were like iron bars, struck each other; yet, even though they were greatly enraged, they could not make other heroes turn away and flee.

Words meanings summery:

• निघ्नन्तः (nighnantaḥ) - striking, killing, slaying

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat, in war

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave men, warriors

• परिघबाहवः (parighabāhavaḥ) - having arms like iron maces/bars

• न (na) - not, no

• शेकुः (śekuḥ) - they were able, they could

• अभिसंरब्धाः (abhisaṁrabdhāḥ) - greatly enraged, furious, highly agitated

• शूरान् (śūrān) - heroes, brave men

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to do, to perform

• पराङ्मुखान् (parāṅmukhān) - those who have turned their faces away, fleeing, turning their backs

Words meanings and morphology

निघ्नन्तः (nighnantaḥ) - striking, killing, slaying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nighnat

nighnat - striking, killing, slaying

Present Active Participle

From the root 'han' (to strike/kill) with the prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other, mutually

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anyonya

anyonya - each other, one another

Note: Used adverbially.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave men, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valorous

Root: śūr

परिघबाहवः (parighabāhavaḥ) - having arms like iron maces/bars

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parighabāhu

parighabāhu - having arms like iron bars/maces

Compound type : bahuvrihi (parigha+bāhu)

• parigha – iron bar, bolt, mace
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: han
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शेकुः (śekuḥ) - they were able, they could

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of śak

Perfect Active

From verb root 'śak'.

Root: śak (class 5)

अभिसंरब्धाः (abhisaṁrabdhāḥ) - greatly enraged, furious, highly agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhisaṃrabdha

abhisaṁrabdha - enraged, furious, highly agitated

Past Passive Participle

From 'rabh' (to seize, begin) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'sam'.

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Predicative participle agreeing with 'śūrāḥ'.

शूरान् (śūrān) - heroes, brave men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, valorous

Root: śūr

Note: Object of 'kartum'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to make, to do, to perform

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of kṛ

infinitive

From verb root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पराङ्मुखान् (parāṅmukhān) - those who have turned their faces away, fleeing, turning their backs

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of parāṅmukha

parāṅmukha - having the face turned away, averted, fleeing

Compound type : bahuvrihi (parāc+mukha)

• parāc – turned away, backward, averted
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: parā
  Root: añc
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicative object agreeing with 'śūrān'.