महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-31, verse-24

ततः सैन्यं समावृत्य मत्स्यराजसुशर्मणोः ।
नाभ्यजानंस्तदान्योन्यं प्रदोषे रजसावृते ॥२४॥

24. tataḥ sainyaṁ samāvṛtya matsyarājasuśarmaṇoḥ ,
nābhyajānaṁstadānyonyaṁ pradoṣe rajasāvṛte.

24. tataḥ sainyam samāvṛtya matsyarājasuśarmaṇoḥ na
abhyajānan tadā anyonyam pradoṣe rajasā āvṛte

24. Then, with the armies of King Matsya and Suśarman surrounding them, they could not recognize each other in the twilight covered by dust.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the army (army, host)

• समावृत्य (samāvṛtya) - surrounding (or having surrounded) (having surrounded, having covered)

• मत्स्यराजसुशर्मणोः (matsyarājasuśarmaṇoḥ) - of King Matsya and Suśarman

• न (na) - not, no

• अभ्यजानन् (abhyajānan) - they recognized (they recognized, they knew)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

• प्रदोषे (pradoṣe) - in the twilight (in the evening, at twilight)

• रजसा (rajasā) - by dust (by dust, by gloom)

• आवृते (āvṛte) - covered (covered, enveloped)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

ablative of tad, used as an adverb

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - the army (army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, troop

derivative of senā (army)

समावृत्य (samāvṛtya) - surrounding (or having surrounded) (having surrounded, having covered)

(indeclinable participle)

मत्स्यराजसुशर्मणोः (matsyarājasuśarmaṇoḥ) - of King Matsya and Suśarman

(compound noun)

Compound type : dvandva (matsyarājan+suśarman)

• matsyarājan – King of Matsya
  compound noun (masculine)
• suśarman – Suśarman (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Dual genitive for King Matsya and Suśarman

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभ्यजानन् (abhyajānan) - they recognized (they recognized, they knew)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of abhijñā

imperfect active

root jñā 'to know' with preverb abhi, imperfect tense, 3rd person plural

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anyonya

anyonya - each other, mutual

Note: Can be used adverbially

प्रदोषे (pradoṣe) - in the twilight (in the evening, at twilight)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pradoṣa

pradoṣa - evening, twilight, nightfall

Prefix: pra

Root: duṣ (class 4)

रजसा (rajasā) - by dust (by dust, by gloom)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, gloom, passion, menstrual blood

आवृते (āvṛte) - covered (covered, enveloped)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped

Past Passive Participle

root vṛ 'to cover' with preverb ā

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)