महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-86, verse-12

यत्र देवैस्तपस्तप्तं महदिच्छद्भिराश्रमे ।
गोकर्णमिति विख्यातं त्रिषु लोकेषु भारत ॥१२॥

12. yatra devaistapastaptaṁ mahadicchadbhirāśrame ,
gokarṇamiti vikhyātaṁ triṣu lokeṣu bhārata.

12. yatra devaiḥ tapaḥ taptam mahat icchadbhiḥ āśrame
gokarṇam iti vikhyātam triṣu lokeṣu bhārata

12. O Bhārata, where the gods, desirous of great spiritual benefit, performed severe penance (tapas) in a hermitage, that place is renowned as Gokarna in the three worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where; in which place

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods; by deities

• तपः (tapaḥ) - severe penance (tapas) (penance; austerity; spiritual heat (tapas))

• तप्तम् (taptam) - was performed / undergone (performed; heated; undergone)

• महत् (mahat) - great (spiritual benefit or power, implied object of desire) (great; extensive; greatness)

• इच्छद्भिः (icchadbhiḥ) - by those (gods) who were desirous (of great things) (by those desiring; by those wishing)

• आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage; in the āśrama

• गोकर्णम् (gokarṇam) - the holy place named Gokarna (Gokarna (a name))

• इति (iti) - as (known as) (thus; so; as)

• विख्यातम् (vikhyātam) - well-known; famous (renowned; famous; known)

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in the three (worlds) (in the three)

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds; in the realms

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata; O Bhārata

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where; in which place

(indeclinable)

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods; by deities

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god; deity; divine being

Root: div (class 4)

तपः (tapaḥ) - severe penance (tapas) (penance; austerity; spiritual heat (tapas))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat; penance; austerity; spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

तप्तम् (taptam) - was performed / undergone (performed; heated; undergone)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapta

tapta - heated; burnt; performed (of penance)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'tap' (to heat, to perform penance)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tapaḥ'.

महत् (mahat) - great (spiritual benefit or power, implied object of desire) (great; extensive; greatness)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great; large; powerful; important; greatness

Present Active Participle (when used as adjective/noun from 'mah' root)

Note: Functions as an adjective describing the desired outcome. Can also be interpreted as a noun 'greatness'.

इच्छद्भिः (icchadbhiḥ) - by those (gods) who were desirous (of great things) (by those desiring; by those wishing)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of icchat

icchat - desiring; wishing; wanting

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'iṣ' (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'devaiḥ'.

आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage; in the āśrama

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage; hermits' abode; a stage of life

गोकर्णम् (gokarṇam) - the holy place named Gokarna (Gokarna (a name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gokarṇa

gokarṇa - Gokarna (lit. 'cow's ear', a name of a sacred place or Śiva)

Compound type : tatpurusha (go+karṇa)

• go – cow; ox; earth; ray of light
  noun (feminine)
• karṇa – ear; rudder
  noun (masculine)

इति (iti) - as (known as) (thus; so; as)

(indeclinable)

विख्यातम् (vikhyātam) - well-known; famous (renowned; famous; known)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vikhyāta

vikhyāta - well-known; famous; celebrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'vi' (prefix) + root 'khyā' (to be known)

Prefix: vi

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'gokarṇam'.

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in the three (worlds) (in the three)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'lokeṣu'.

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds; in the realms

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world; realm; universe; people

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata; O Bhārata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; a member of the Bhārata dynasty; India