महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-53, verse-17

सख्यश्चास्या मया दृष्टास्ताभिश्चाप्युपलक्षितः ।
विस्मिताश्चाभवन्दृष्ट्वा सर्वा मां विबुधेश्वराः ॥१७॥

17. sakhyaścāsyā mayā dṛṣṭāstābhiścāpyupalakṣitaḥ ,
vismitāścābhavandṛṣṭvā sarvā māṁ vibudheśvarāḥ.

17. sakhyaḥ ca asyāḥ mayā dṛṣṭāḥ tābhiḥ ca api upalakṣitaḥ
vismitāḥ ca abhavan dṛṣṭvā sarvāḥ mām vibudheśvarāḥ

17. And her female friends were seen by me, and I was also noticed by them. And all of them became astonished, having seen me, O lords of the gods!

Words meanings summery:

• सख्यः (sakhyaḥ) - Damayanti's female friends (female friends, companions)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of Damayanti (of her)

• मया (mayā) - by Nala (by me)

• दृष्टाः (dṛṣṭāḥ) - seen

• ताभिः (tābhiḥ) - by Damayanti's female friends (by them (feminine))

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• उपलक्षितः (upalakṣitaḥ) - noticed, observed, perceived

• विस्मिताः (vismitāḥ) - astonished, surprised

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभवन् (abhavan) - they became

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all of Damayanti's female friends (all, entire (feminine))

• माम् (mām) - Nala (me)

• विबुधेश्वराः (vibudheśvarāḥ) - Addressed by Nala to the gods (O lords of the gods)

Words meanings and morphology

सख्यः (sakhyaḥ) - Damayanti's female friends (female friends, companions)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sakhī

sakhī - female friend, companion

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of Damayanti (of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, she, it

मया (mayā) - by Nala (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I

दृष्टाः (dṛṣṭāḥ) - seen

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √dṛś ('to see')

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sakhyaḥ'

ताभिः (tābhiḥ) - by Damayanti's female friends (by them (feminine))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to 'sakhyaḥ'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

उपलक्षितः (upalakṣitaḥ) - noticed, observed, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upalakṣita

upalakṣita - perceived, observed, noticed, marked

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √lakṣ ('to perceive, observe') with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: √lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with implied 'aham' (Nala)

विस्मिताः (vismitāḥ) - astonished, surprised

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vismita

vismita - astonished, surprised, wondered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √smi ('to wonder, smile') with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: √smi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sarvāḥ' (referring to the female friends)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभवन् (abhavan) - they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √bhū

Root: √bhū (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √dṛś ('to see') with the suffix -tvā

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all of Damayanti's female friends (all, entire (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'sakhyaḥ' (implied).

माम् (mām) - Nala (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

विबुधेश्वराः (vibudheśvarāḥ) - Addressed by Nala to the gods (O lords of the gods)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of vibudheśvara

vibudheśvara - lord of the gods, chief of the gods

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (vibudha+īśvara)

• vibudha – god, deity (literally 'awakened', 'enlightened')
  noun (masculine)
  From prefix vi- + √budh ('to awaken')
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √budh (class 1)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √īś (class 2)