महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-5, verse-19

स मा जिह्मं विदुर सर्वं ब्रवीषि मानं च तेऽहमधिकं धारयामि ।
यथेच्छकं गच्छ वा तिष्ठ वा त्वं सुसान्त्व्यमानाप्यसती स्त्री जहाति ॥१९॥

19. sa mā jihmaṁ vidura sarvaṁ bravīṣi; mānaṁ ca te'hamadhikaṁ dhārayāmi ,
yathecchakaṁ gaccha vā tiṣṭha vā tvaṁ; susāntvyamānāpyasatī strī jahāti.

19. saḥ mā jihmam vidura sarvam bravīṣi
mānam ca te aham adhikam dhārayāmi
yathecchakam gaccha vā tiṣṭha vā tvam
susāntvyamānā api asatī strī jahāti

19. O Vidura, you speak everything deceitfully to me, though I hold you in great esteem. Go or stay as you wish; for even a disloyal woman, though well-consoled, eventually leaves.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - You (referring to Vidura, with a sense of 'such a person') (that, he)

• मा (mā) - to me

• जिह्मम् (jihmam) - crookedly, deceitfully, falsely

• विदुर (vidura) - Vidura

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you speak, you say

• मानम् (mānam) - honor, respect, esteem

• च (ca) - and

• ते (te) - for you, toward you

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अधिकम् (adhikam) - great, much, excessive

• धारयामि (dhārayāmi) - I hold, I maintain, I bear

• यथेच्छकम् (yathecchakam) - as one wishes, according to desire

• गच्छ (gaccha) - go

• वा (vā) - or

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stay, stand

• वा (vā) - or

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• सुसान्त्व्यमाना (susāntvyamānā) - well-consoled, being well-appeased

• अपि (api) - even, although

• असती (asatī) - disloyal, unchaste, bad

• स्त्री (strī) - woman, wife

• जहाति (jahāti) - abandons, leaves, forsakes

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - You (referring to Vidura, with a sense of 'such a person') (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मा (mā) - to me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of mad

mad - I, me

जिह्मम् (jihmam) - crookedly, deceitfully, falsely

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jihma

jihma - crooked, sly, deceitful, false

विदुर (vidura) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of Dhritarashtra's half-brother, a wise counselor)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire, whole

ब्रवीषि (bravīṣi) - you speak, you say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present (Laṭ) form

Root 'brū' (class 2) in present tense, 2nd person singular active.

Root: brū (class 0)

मानम् (mānam) - honor, respect, esteem

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māna

māna - honor, respect, esteem, pride, measure

Note: Object of 'dhārayāmi'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

ते (te) - for you, toward you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Dative/genitive often used for 'towards' or 'for'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अधिकम् (adhikam) - great, much, excessive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adhika

adhika - more, much, abundant, excessive, superior

धारयामि (dhārayāmi) - I hold, I maintain, I bear

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dhṛ

Present (Laṭ) form

Root 'dhṛ' (class 10, caus.) in present tense, 1st person singular active.

Root: dhṛ (class 0)

यथेच्छकम् (yathecchakam) - as one wishes, according to desire

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable compound (avyayībhāva) formed from 'yathā' (as) and 'icchaka' (desire/wishing).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+icchaka)

• yathā – as, according to, just as
  indeclinable
• icchaka – desiring, wishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: iṣ (class 0)

गच्छ (gaccha) - go

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative (Loṭ) form

Root 'gam' (class 1) in imperative mood, 2nd person singular active.

Root: gam (class 0)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - stay, stand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Imperative (Loṭ) form

Root 'sthā' (class 1) in imperative mood, 2nd person singular active.

Root: sthā (class 0)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

सुसान्त्व्यमाना (susāntvyamānā) - well-consoled, being well-appeased

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of susāntvyamāna

susāntvyamāna - being well-consoled, well-appeased, well-treated

Present Passive Participle

Formed from the root 'sāntv' (class 10) with the prefix 'su-'. Derivational suffix is '-yamāna'.

Prefix: su

Root: sāntv (class 0)

अपि (api) - even, although

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating addition, emphasis, or concession.

असती (asatī) - disloyal, unchaste, bad

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of asatī

asatī - disloyal, unchaste, unfaithful, wicked, bad (feminine form of 'asat')

Feminine form of 'asat' (not existing, bad, disloyal).

स्त्री (strī) - woman, wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female, wife

जहाति (jahāti) - abandons, leaves, forsakes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of hā

Present (Laṭ) form

Root 'hā' (class 3) in present tense, 3rd person singular active (reduplicated root).

Root: hā (class 0)