महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-5, verse-11

उक्तं पूर्वं जातमात्रे सुते ते मया यत्ते हितमासीत्तदानीम् ।
पुत्रं त्यजेममहितं कुलस्येत्येतद्राजन्न च तत्त्वं चकर्थ ।
इदानीं ते हितमुक्तं न चेत्त्वं कर्तासि राजन्परितप्तासि पश्चात् ॥११॥

11. uktaṁ pūrvaṁ jātamātre sute te; mayā yatte hitamāsīttadānīm ,
putraṁ tyajemamahitaṁ kulasye;tyetadrājanna ca tattvaṁ cakartha ,
idānīṁ te hitamuktaṁ na cettvaṁ; kartāsi rājanparitaptāsi paścāt.

11. uktam pūrvam jāta-mātre sute te mayā yat te hitam āsīt
tadānīm | putram tyaja imam ahitam kulasya iti etat
rājan na ca tat tvam cakartha | idānīm te hitam
uktam na cet tvam kartā asi rājan paritaptā asi paścāt

11. Long ago, when that son of yours was just born, I told you what would be beneficial for you then: 'Abandon this son who is harmful to the family.' But you, O King, did not do that. Now, what is beneficial for you has been told (again). If you, O King, do not act upon it, you will later suffer great torment.

11. כבר אמרתי לך בעבר, ברגע שנולד בנך, מה היה טוב לך אז: עזוב את הבן, כי הוא מזיק למשפחה. אבל אתה, הו מלך, לא עשית זאת. עכשיו אמרתי לך את הטוב לך, ואם לא תעשה זאת, הו מלך, תיצער אחר כך.

Words meanings summery:

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken, told

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, previously, formerly

• जात-मात्रे (jāta-mātre) - as soon as born, at the mere birth

• सुते (sute) - in the son, with regard to the son

• ते (te) - your, for you

• मया (mayā) - by me

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• ते (te) - for you

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

• पुत्रम् (putram) - referring to Duryodhana (son)

• त्यज (tyaja) - abandon, renounce

• इमम् (imam) - referring to Duryodhana (this, this one)

• अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, detrimental

• कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, but

• तत् (tat) - that (action) (that)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• चकर्थ (cakartha) - you did, you made

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

• ते (te) - for you

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken, told

• न (na) - not, no

• चेत् (cet) - if not, unless

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• कर्ता (kartā) - you who will be the doer (of this action) (doer, agent)

• असि (asi) - you are

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• परितप्ता (paritaptā) - tormented, afflicted, distressed

• असि (asi) - you are

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later

Words meanings and morphology

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken, told

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, previously, formerly

(indeclinable)

Adverb

जात-मात्रे (jāta-mātre) - as soon as born, at the mere birth

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jāta-mātra

jāta-mātra - just born, just manifested, at the mere birth

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (jāta+mātra)

• jāta – born, produced
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mātra – mere, only, as soon as
  adjective (masculine)

सुते (sute) - in the son, with regard to the son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

ते (te) - your, for you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can be genitive or dative singular.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

ते (te) - for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can be genitive or dative singular.

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, suitable, advantageous

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place) with prefix hi (an archaic prefix, often considered synonymous with hitá, meaning 'placed, set')

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

पुत्रम् (putram) - referring to Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

त्यज (tyaja) - abandon, renounce

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - referring to Duryodhana (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, detrimental

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ahita

ahita - harmful, injurious, disadvantageous, unfriendly

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• hita – beneficial, good
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, community

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

च (ca) - and, but

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

तत् (tat) - that (action) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Can also be nominative singular neuter.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

चकर्थ (cakartha) - you did, you made

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

ते (te) - for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can be genitive or dative singular.

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, suitable, advantageous

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place) with prefix hi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken, told

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

चेत् (cet) - if not, unless

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle, often combined with 'na' to mean 'if not'

Note: Originates from ca + it.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कर्ता (kartā) - you who will be the doer (of this action) (doer, agent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent

Agent Noun

From root kṛ (to do) + suffix -tṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

परितप्ता (paritaptā) - tormented, afflicted, distressed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paritapta

paritapta - tormented, distressed, afflicted, heated all around

Past Passive Participle

From root tap (to heat, torment) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time or place

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