महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-5, verse-11

उक्तं पूर्वं जातमात्रे सुते ते मया यत्ते हितमासीत्तदानीम् ।
पुत्रं त्यजेममहितं कुलस्येत्येतद्राजन्न च तत्त्वं चकर्थ ।
इदानीं ते हितमुक्तं न चेत्त्वं कर्तासि राजन्परितप्तासि पश्चात् ॥११॥

11. uktaṁ pūrvaṁ jātamātre sute te; mayā yatte hitamāsīttadānīm ,
putraṁ tyajemamahitaṁ kulasye;tyetadrājanna ca tattvaṁ cakartha ,
idānīṁ te hitamuktaṁ na cettvaṁ; kartāsi rājanparitaptāsi paścāt.

11. uktam pūrvam jāta-mātre sute te mayā yat te hitam āsīt
tadānīm | putram tyaja imam ahitam kulasya iti etat
rājan na ca tat tvam cakartha | idānīm te hitam
uktam na cet tvam kartā asi rājan paritaptā asi paścāt

11. Long ago, when that son of yours was just born, I told you what would be beneficial for you then: 'Abandon this son who is harmful to the family.' But you, O King, did not do that. Now, what is beneficial for you has been told (again). If you, O King, do not act upon it, you will later suffer great torment.

Words meanings summery:

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken, told

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, previously, formerly

• जात-मात्रे (jāta-mātre) - as soon as born, at the mere birth

• सुते (sute) - in the son, with regard to the son

• ते (te) - your, for you

• मया (mayā) - by me

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• ते (te) - for you

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

• पुत्रम् (putram) - referring to Duryodhana (son)

• त्यज (tyaja) - abandon, renounce

• इमम् (imam) - referring to Duryodhana (this, this one)

• अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, detrimental

• कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, but

• तत् (tat) - that (action) (that)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• चकर्थ (cakartha) - you did, you made

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

• ते (te) - for you

• हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

• उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken, told

• न (na) - not, no

• चेत् (cet) - if not, unless

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• कर्ता (kartā) - you who will be the doer (of this action) (doer, agent)

• असि (asi) - you are

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• परितप्ता (paritaptā) - tormented, afflicted, distressed

• असि (asi) - you are

• पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later

Words meanings and morphology

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken, told

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - before, previously, formerly

(indeclinable)

Adverb

जात-मात्रे (jāta-mātre) - as soon as born, at the mere birth

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of jāta-mātra

jāta-mātra - just born, just manifested, at the mere birth

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (jāta+mātra)

• jāta – born, produced
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mātra – mere, only, as soon as
  adjective (masculine)

सुते (sute) - in the son, with regard to the son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

ते (te) - your, for you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can be genitive or dative singular.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

ते (te) - for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can be genitive or dative singular.

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, suitable, advantageous

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place) with prefix hi (an archaic prefix, often considered synonymous with hitá, meaning 'placed, set')

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

तदानीम् (tadānīm) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

पुत्रम् (putram) - referring to Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

त्यज (tyaja) - abandon, renounce

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - referring to Duryodhana (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, detrimental

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ahita

ahita - harmful, injurious, disadvantageous, unfriendly

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• hita – beneficial, good
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā (to place)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, community

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Quotative particle

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etas

etas - this, this one

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

च (ca) - and, but

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

तत् (tat) - that (action) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Can also be nominative singular neuter.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

चकर्थ (cakartha) - you did, you made

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now, at present

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time

ते (te) - for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Can be genitive or dative singular.

हितम् (hitam) - beneficial, good

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, good, suitable, advantageous

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place) with prefix hi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

उक्तम् (uktam) - said, spoken, told

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

From root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

चेत् (cet) - if not, unless

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle, often combined with 'na' to mean 'if not'

Note: Originates from ca + it.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

कर्ता (kartā) - you who will be the doer (of this action) (doer, agent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartṛ

kartṛ - doer, maker, agent

Agent Noun

From root kṛ (to do) + suffix -tṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

परितप्ता (paritaptā) - tormented, afflicted, distressed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paritapta

paritapta - tormented, distressed, afflicted, heated all around

Past Passive Participle

From root tap (to heat, torment) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

पश्चात् (paścāt) - afterwards, later

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time or place