महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-286, verse-20

ततस्तत्त्वमिति ज्ञात्वा राधेयः परवीरहा ।
शक्तिमेवाभिकाङ्क्षन्वै वासवं प्रत्यपालयत् ॥२०॥

20. tatastattvamiti jñātvā rādheyaḥ paravīrahā ,
śaktimevābhikāṅkṣanvai vāsavaṁ pratyapālayat.

20. tataḥ tattvam iti jñātvā rādheyaḥ paravīrahā
śaktim eva abhikāṅkṣan vai vāsavam prati apālayat

20. Then, having understood this truth (tattva), Rādhā's son (Karṇa), the slayer of enemy heroes, desiring only the divine power (śakti), indeed awaited Indra.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the true nature of things revealed by Sūrya (the truth, the reality)

• इति (iti) - marks a conclusion or understanding (thus, in this manner)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

• राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Karṇa (his foster mother was Rādhā) (son of Rādhā)

• परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - an epithet for a formidable warrior like Karṇa (slayer of enemy heroes)

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - specifically the divine weapon (śakti) given by Indra (power, strength, divine weapon (śakti))

• एव (eva) - only, indeed

• अभिकाङ्क्षन् (abhikāṅkṣan) - desiring intensely, longing for

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• वासवम् (vāsavam) - Indra

• प्रति (prati) - functions as a verbal prefix in combination with `apālayat` to mean 'awaited' (towards, against, in anticipation of)

• अपालयत् (apālayat) - he awaited Indra (when combined with `prati`) (he protected, he guarded, he awaited)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from `tad`.

तत्त्वम् (tattvam) - the true nature of things revealed by Sūrya (the truth, the reality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, essence, principle, true nature

From `tad` + `tva` (abstract noun suffix).

Note: Object of `jñātvā`.

इति (iti) - marks a conclusion or understanding (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates the conclusion or understanding of the preceding statement.

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed by adding the suffix -tvā to the root jñā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

राधेयः (rādheyaḥ) - Karṇa (his foster mother was Rādhā) (son of Rādhā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Rādhā (Rādhā being his foster mother)

Patronymic derived from Rādhā.

Note: The subject of the sentence.

परवीरहा (paravīrahā) - an epithet for a formidable warrior like Karṇa (slayer of enemy heroes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paravīrahan

paravīrahan - slayer of hostile heroes, annihilator of enemy warriors

Compound noun meaning 'enemy-hero-killer'. The final 'n' of `han` drops in the nominative singular.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+han)

• para – other, enemy, hostile
  adjective (masculine)
• vīra – hero, brave man, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• han – killer, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun derived from the root han (to strike, to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `rādheyaḥ`.

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - specifically the divine weapon (śakti) given by Indra (power, strength, divine weapon (śakti))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, energy, capability; a divine weapon (śakti); female divine power

From root śak 'to be able'.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Object of `abhikāṅkṣan`.

एव (eva) - only, indeed

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes `śaktim`.

अभिकाङ्क्षन् (abhikāṅkṣan) - desiring intensely, longing for

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhikāṅkṣ

abhikāṅkṣ - to desire, to long for, to wish for

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root kāṅkṣ (to desire) with the upasarga abhi. Formed with the śatṛ suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Describes Karṇa's state while awaiting Indra.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Vedic particle used as an emphatic or assertive.

वासवम् (vāsavam) - Indra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - Indra (a name for Indra, derived from Vasu, father of Indra)

Patronymic from Vasu.

Note: The person Karṇa was waiting for.

प्रति (prati) - functions as a verbal prefix in combination with `apālayat` to mean 'awaited' (towards, against, in anticipation of)

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing accusative, or a verbal prefix.

अपालयत् (apālayat) - he awaited Indra (when combined with `prati`) (he protected, he guarded, he awaited)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of pāl

Imperfect active

From root pāl. The 'a' prefix indicates past tense (augment). The combined meaning with `prati` is 'to await' or 'to look out for'.

Prefix: prati

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: The augment 'a' precedes the root in imperfect tense.