महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-286, verse-10

सूर्य उवाच ।
यदि तात ददास्येते वज्रिणे कुण्डले शुभे ।
त्वमप्येनमथो ब्रूया विजयार्थं महाबल ॥१०॥

10. sūrya uvāca ,
yadi tāta dadāsyete vajriṇe kuṇḍale śubhe ,
tvamapyenamatho brūyā vijayārthaṁ mahābala.

10. sūrya uvāca yadi tāta dadāsi ete vajriṇe kuṇḍale
śubhe tvam api enam atho brūyāḥ vijayārtham mahābala

10. Sūrya said: "O dear one, if you give these beautiful earrings to Vajrin (Indra), then you, O mighty one, should also tell him that it is for victory."

Words meanings summery:

• सूर्य (sūrya) - The Sun god (the sun, Sun god)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (used affectionately for a son/disciple) (father, dear one, son)

• ददासि (dadāsi) - you give

• एते (ete) - these (two)

• वज्रिणे (vajriṇe) - to Vajrin (Indra) (to the thunderbolt-wielder, to Indra)

• कुण्डले (kuṇḍale) - (two) earrings (two earrings)

• शुभे (śubhe) - beautiful (auspicious, beautiful, shining (two))

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• एनम् (enam) - him (Vajrin/Indra) (him, this one)

• अथो (atho) - then (then, moreover, further)

• ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should tell (you should say, you should tell)

• विजयार्थम् (vijayārtham) - for victory (for the sake of victory, for victory)

• महाबल (mahābala) - O mighty one (addressed to Karṇa) (O mighty one, O great strength)

Words meanings and morphology

सूर्य (sūrya) - The Sun god (the sun, Sun god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, Sun god

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense form, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

(indeclinable)

तात (tāta) - O dear one (used affectionately for a son/disciple) (father, dear one, son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, son

ददासि (dadāsi) - you give

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dā

Present Active

Present tense form, 2nd person singular

Root: dā (class 3)

एते (ete) - these (two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Also can be feminine nominative/accusative dual. Here it refers to 'kuṇḍale' (neuter dual nominative/accusative).

वज्रिणे (vajriṇe) - to Vajrin (Indra) (to the thunderbolt-wielder, to Indra)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vajrin

vajrin - wielder of the thunderbolt, Indra

Note: Refers to Indra.

कुण्डले (kuṇḍale) - (two) earrings (two earrings)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of kuṇḍala

kuṇḍala - an earring, a ring, a coil

Note: It is the direct object of 'dadāsi'.

शुभे (śubhe) - beautiful (auspicious, beautiful, shining (two))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, dual of śubha

śubha - auspicious, beautiful, shining

Note: Agrees with 'kuṇḍale'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (Vajrin/Indra) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enam

enam - this, him

Derived from 'idam' with pronominal suffix. Used for emphasizing proximity.

Note: Refers to Vajrin/Indra.

अथो (atho) - then (then, moreover, further)

(indeclinable)

Vṛddhi form of 'atha' for emphasis or metrical reasons.

ब्रूयाः (brūyāḥ) - you should tell (you should say, you should tell)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of brū

Optative Active

Optative mood form, 2nd person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The form 'brūyā' in Devanagari might represent 'brūyāḥ' with visarga sandhi or a metrical variation. Optative 2nd singular seems appropriate for advice.

विजयार्थम् (vijayārtham) - for victory (for the sake of victory, for victory)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vijaya+artha)

• vijaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ji (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, for the sake of
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially to indicate purpose.

महाबल (mahābala) - O mighty one (addressed to Karṇa) (O mighty one, O great strength)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, mighty, great strength

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
  Root 'mah', becomes 'mahā' in compounds.
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Used as a vocative.