महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-251, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथासीनेषु सर्वेषु तेषु राजसु भारत ।
कोटिकाश्यवचः श्रुत्वा शैब्यं सौवीरकोऽब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
athāsīneṣu sarveṣu teṣu rājasu bhārata ,
koṭikāśyavacaḥ śrutvā śaibyaṁ sauvīrako'bravīt.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca atha āsīneṣu sarveṣu teṣu rājasu
bhārata koṭikāśyavacaḥ śrutvā śaibyam sauvīrakaḥ abravīt

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: "Then, while all those kings, O Bhārata, were seated, after hearing the words of Koṭikāśya, Sauvīraka spoke to Śaibya."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Sage Vaiśaṃpāyana, the narrator (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśaṃpāyana) said (said, spoke)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (introducing a new narrative segment) (then, now, thereupon)

• आसीनेषु (āsīneṣu) - while they were seated (seated, having sat down)

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - all (those kings) (all, whole)

• तेषु (teṣu) - in those (kings) (in them, among them, those)

• राजसु (rājasu) - among those kings (among kings, in kings)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata (vocative), related to Bharata)

• कोटिकाश्यवचः (koṭikāśyavacaḥ) - the speech (single instance, or collective singular) of Koṭikāśya (the word/speech of Koṭikāśya)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (Koṭikāśya's words) (having heard, after hearing)

• शैब्यम् (śaibyam) - to Śaibya (the king) (to Śaibya, pertaining to Śaibya)

• सौवीरकः (sauvīrakaḥ) - King Sauvīraka (Sauvīraka (a king from Sauvīra region))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - (Sauvīraka) spoke (spoke, said)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Sage Vaiśaṃpāyana, the narrator (Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, narrator of the Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana

उवाच (uvāca) - (Vaiśaṃpāyana) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon (introducing a new narrative segment) (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

आसीनेषु (āsīneṣu) - while they were seated (seated, having sat down)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of āsīna

āsīna - seated, sitting

Past Active Participle

from ās + śānac

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Forms a locative absolute with 'sarveṣu teṣu rājasu'.

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - all (those kings) (all, whole)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'rājasu'.

तेषु (teṣu) - in those (kings) (in them, among them, those)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with 'rājasu'.

राजसु (rājasu) - among those kings (among kings, in kings)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Forms a locative absolute with 'āsīneṣu sarveṣu teṣu'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Janamejaya) (O descendant of Bharata (vocative), related to Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata

कोटिकाश्यवचः (koṭikāśyavacaḥ) - the speech (single instance, or collective singular) of Koṭikāśya (the word/speech of Koṭikāśya)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of koṭikāśyavac

koṭikāśyavac - speech of Koṭikāśya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (koṭikāśya+vacas)

• koṭikāśya – Koṭikāśya (name of a king/person)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, saying
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (Koṭikāśya's words) (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from śru + ktvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates action prior to 'abravīt'.

शैब्यम् (śaibyam) - to Śaibya (the king) (to Śaibya, pertaining to Śaibya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaibya

śaibya - king of the Śibis, a descendant of Śibi

Note: Object of 'abravīt' (spoke to).

सौवीरकः (sauvīrakaḥ) - King Sauvīraka (Sauvīraka (a king from Sauvīra region))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sauvīraka

sauvīraka - a king of the Sauvīras

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - (Sauvīraka) spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd singular active

Root: brū (class 2)