महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-231, verse-9

सैन्यास्तु धार्तराष्ट्रस्य गन्धर्वैः समभिद्रुताः ।
पूर्वं प्रभग्नैः सहिताः पाण्डवानभ्ययुस्तदा ॥९॥

9. sainyāstu dhārtarāṣṭrasya gandharvaiḥ samabhidrutāḥ ,
pūrvaṁ prabhagnaiḥ sahitāḥ pāṇḍavānabhyayustadā.

9. sainyāḥ tu dhārtarāṣṭrasya gandharvaiḥ samabhidrutāḥ
pūrvam prabhagnaiḥ sahitāḥ pāṇḍavān abhyayuḥ tadā

9. But the forces of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, having been assailed by the Gandharvas, along with those who had been previously routed, then approached the Pāṇḍavas (for help).

Words meanings summery:

• सैन्याः (sainyāḥ) - the forces (armies, forces, soldiers)

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana) (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, of Duryodhana)

• गन्धर्वैः (gandharvaiḥ) - by the Gandharvas

• समभिद्रुताः (samabhidrutāḥ) - having been assailed (attacked, assailed, rushed together)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (before, formerly, previously)

• प्रभग्नैः (prabhagnaiḥ) - by those (soldiers) who had been routed (by those who were routed, broken, defeated)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, together with)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - they approached (they approached, they went towards)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

सैन्याः (sainyāḥ) - the forces (armies, forces, soldiers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

From 'senā' (army) + 'ya' (pertaining to)

Note: Subject.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana) (of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, of Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (e.g. Duryodhana or his brothers)

Patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Possessive.

गन्धर्वैः (gandharvaiḥ) - by the Gandharvas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings)

Note: Agent of passive participle 'samabhidrutāḥ'.

समभिद्रुताः (samabhidrutāḥ) - having been assailed (attacked, assailed, rushed together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samabhidruta

samabhidruta - attacked, assailed, rushed upon

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dru' with prefixes 'sam' and 'abhi' + suffix 'kta'

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sainyāḥ'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (before, formerly, previously)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

प्रभग्नैः (prabhagnaiḥ) - by those (soldiers) who had been routed (by those who were routed, broken, defeated)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prabhagna

prabhagna - broken, routed, shattered, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhañj' with prefix 'pra' + suffix 'kta'

Prefix: pra

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Goes with 'sahitāḥ'.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied by (accompanied by, together with)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dhā' (to place) with prefix 'sa' (together) or from root 'sah' (to bear); often treated as an adjective.

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu (the Pāṇḍavas)

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Object of 'abhyayuḥ'.

अभ्ययुः (abhyayuḥ) - they approached (they approached, they went towards)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of i

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice (from 'abhi' + 'i')

Root 'i', Laṅ (Imperfect), 'abhi' (prefix)

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

'tad' + suffix 'dā'