महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-231, verse-18

शीतवातातपसहांस्तपसा चैव कर्शितान् ।
समस्थो विषमस्थान्हि द्रष्टुमिच्छति दुर्मतिः ॥१८॥

18. śītavātātapasahāṁstapasā caiva karśitān ,
samastho viṣamasthānhi draṣṭumicchati durmatiḥ.

18. śītavātātapasahān tapasā ca eva karśitān |
samasthaḥ viṣamasthān hi draṣṭum icchati durmatiḥ

18. The evil-minded person, who is himself in a prosperous state, certainly wishes to see those who endure cold, wind, and sun, and are emaciated by asceticism (tapas), now fallen into adverse circumstances.

Words meanings summery:

• शीतवातातपसहान् (śītavātātapasahān) - those who have endured hardships (enduring cold, wind, and heat)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas), by penance

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - just, indeed (emphasizing tapasā) (indeed, certainly, only)

• कर्शितान् (karśitān) - those who are emaciated (emaciated, weakened, worn out)

• समस्थः (samasthaḥ) - one who is in a comfortable/prosperous state (standing firm, steady, in an even state, prosperous)

• विषमस्थान् (viṣamasthān) - those who are in adverse circumstances (those in adverse/uneven circumstances, in difficulty)

• हि (hi) - certainly, indeed (emphatic) (indeed, surely, for, because)

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

• इच्छति (icchati) - wishes (to see) (desires, wishes, wants)

• दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - the evil-minded person (evil-minded, ill-intentioned person, foolish)

Words meanings and morphology

शीतवातातपसहान् (śītavātātapasahān) - those who have endured hardships (enduring cold, wind, and heat)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śītavātātapasaha

śītavātātapasaha - enduring cold, wind, and heat/sun

Compound: śīta (cold) + vāta (wind) + ātapa (sun/heat) + saha (enduring).

Compound type : dvandva / tatpuruṣa (śīta+vāta+ātapa+saha)

• śīta – cold, chill
  noun/adjective (neuter)
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• ātapa – sunshine, heat
  noun (masculine)
• saha – enduring, bearing, tolerant
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sah (to endure).
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Object of icchati.

तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism (tapas), by penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism (tapas), penance, heat, religious austerity

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agent of karśitān.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Joins clauses or words.

एव (eva) - just, indeed (emphasizing tapasā) (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

कर्शितान् (karśitān) - those who are emaciated (emaciated, weakened, worn out)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of karśita

karśita - emaciated, weakened, made thin, worn out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛś (to make thin) + kta suffix.

Root: kṛś (class 6)

Note: Object of icchati, along with śītavātātapasahān.

समस्थः (samasthaḥ) - one who is in a comfortable/prosperous state (standing firm, steady, in an even state, prosperous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samastha

samastha - standing firm, steady, in an even state, prosperous, healthy

Compound: sama (even, equal) + stha (standing).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sama+stha)

• sama – same, equal, even, impartial
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• stha – standing, abiding, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand) + ka suffix.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for durmatiḥ.

विषमस्थान् (viṣamasthān) - those who are in adverse circumstances (those in adverse/uneven circumstances, in difficulty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of viṣamastha

viṣamastha - standing in uneven ground, in adverse circumstances, in difficulty

Compound: viṣama (uneven, difficult) + stha (standing).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (viṣama+stha)

• viṣama – uneven, difficult, adverse
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• stha – standing, abiding, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand) + ka suffix.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of icchati, along with the other adjectives.

हि (hi) - certainly, indeed (emphatic) (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

(infinitive)

Note: Expresses the purpose of desire.

इच्छति (icchati) - wishes (to see) (desires, wishes, wants)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present tense, 3rd person singular. Root iṣ (class 6).

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Governs the infinitive draṣṭum.

दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - the evil-minded person (evil-minded, ill-intentioned person, foolish)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish, ill-intentioned

Compound: dur (bad, evil) + mati (mind, intelligence).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable (prefix)
• mati – mind, intellect, thought, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root man (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: The main subject of the sentence.