महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-231, verse-14

तांस्तथा व्यथितान्दीनान्भिक्षमाणान्युधिष्ठिरम् ।
वृद्धान्दुर्योधनामात्यान्भीमसेनोऽभ्यभाषत ॥१४॥

14. tāṁstathā vyathitāndīnānbhikṣamāṇānyudhiṣṭhiram ,
vṛddhānduryodhanāmātyānbhīmaseno'bhyabhāṣata.

14. tān tathā vyathitān dīnān bhikṣamāṇān yudhiṣṭhiram
vṛddhān duryodhanāmātyān bhīmasenaḥ abhyabhāṣata

14. Bhīmasena then addressed those distressed, wretched, aged ministers of Duryodhana, who were thus imploring Yudhiṣṭhira.

14. בְּהִימַסֵנַה פנה אל שרי דוּרְיוֹדְהַנַה הזקנים, שהיו כך מוטרדים ואומללים ובקשו עזרה מיוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - The ministers of Duryodhana. (them, those)

• तथा (tathā) - in the distressed state described in the previous verse (thus, so, in that manner)

• व्यथितान् (vyathitān) - distressed, agitated, afflicted

• दीनान् (dīnān) - miserable, wretched, piteous

• भिक्षमाणान् (bhikṣamāṇān) - imploring Yudhiṣṭhira (begging, imploring, asking alms)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - The one being implored by the ministers. (to Yudhiṣṭhira, Yudhiṣṭhira (as object))

• वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - old, aged

• दुर्योधनामात्यान् (duryodhanāmātyān) - Duryodhana's ministers

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - One of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his strength. (Bhīmasena (Bhīma))

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - The ministers of Duryodhana. (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the ministers.

तथा (tathā) - in the distressed state described in the previous verse (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

व्यथितान् (vyathitān) - distressed, agitated, afflicted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, agitated, afflicted, troubled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vyath (Class 1) with suffix -ta.

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Modifies "duryodhanāmātyān".

दीनान् (dīnān) - miserable, wretched, piteous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dīna

dīna - miserable, wretched, poor, sad, piteous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dai- 'to be wretched' or dī- 'to fade'.

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Modifies "duryodhanāmātyān".

भिक्षमाणान् (bhikṣamāṇān) - imploring Yudhiṣṭhira (begging, imploring, asking alms)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhikṣamāṇa

bhikṣamāṇa - begging, imploring, asking for, desirous of

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root bhikṣ (Class 1) with the present participle suffix -māna (Ātmanepada).

Root: bhikṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies "duryodhanāmātyān". Governs "yudhiṣṭhiram" (accusative).

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - The one being implored by the ministers. (to Yudhiṣṭhira, Yudhiṣṭhira (as object))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name, 'firm in battle')

From yudhi (locative of yudh 'battle') + sthira (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā- 'to stand'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of the participle "bhikṣamāṇān".

वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - old, aged

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased, wise

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (Class 1) with suffix -ta.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies "duryodhanāmātyān".

दुर्योधनामात्यान् (duryodhanāmātyān) - Duryodhana's ministers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of duryodhanāmātya

duryodhanāmātya - Duryodhana's minister

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+amātya)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name, 'difficult to fight')
  proper noun (masculine)
• amātya – minister, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the main verb "abhyabhāṣata".

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - One of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his strength. (Bhīmasena (Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (proper name, 'having a terrible army' or 'terrible warrior')

From bhīma (terrible) + sena (army).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root bhī- 'to fear'.
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host, weapon
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the verb "abhyabhāṣata".

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect

Derived from root bhāṣ (Class 1) with upasarga abhi-, augment a-, and Ātmanepada ending -ta (for 3rd person singular).

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

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