महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-231, verse-14

तांस्तथा व्यथितान्दीनान्भिक्षमाणान्युधिष्ठिरम् ।
वृद्धान्दुर्योधनामात्यान्भीमसेनोऽभ्यभाषत ॥१४॥

14. tāṁstathā vyathitāndīnānbhikṣamāṇānyudhiṣṭhiram ,
vṛddhānduryodhanāmātyānbhīmaseno'bhyabhāṣata.

14. tān tathā vyathitān dīnān bhikṣamāṇān yudhiṣṭhiram
vṛddhān duryodhanāmātyān bhīmasenaḥ abhyabhāṣata

14. Bhīmasena then addressed those distressed, wretched, aged ministers of Duryodhana, who were thus imploring Yudhiṣṭhira.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - The ministers of Duryodhana. (them, those)

• तथा (tathā) - in the distressed state described in the previous verse (thus, so, in that manner)

• व्यथितान् (vyathitān) - distressed, agitated, afflicted

• दीनान् (dīnān) - miserable, wretched, piteous

• भिक्षमाणान् (bhikṣamāṇān) - imploring Yudhiṣṭhira (begging, imploring, asking alms)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - The one being implored by the ministers. (to Yudhiṣṭhira, Yudhiṣṭhira (as object))

• वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - old, aged

• दुर्योधनामात्यान् (duryodhanāmātyān) - Duryodhana's ministers

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - One of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his strength. (Bhīmasena (Bhīma))

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - The ministers of Duryodhana. (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the ministers.

तथा (tathā) - in the distressed state described in the previous verse (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

व्यथितान् (vyathitān) - distressed, agitated, afflicted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, agitated, afflicted, troubled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vyath (Class 1) with suffix -ta.

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Modifies "duryodhanāmātyān".

दीनान् (dīnān) - miserable, wretched, piteous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dīna

dīna - miserable, wretched, poor, sad, piteous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dai- 'to be wretched' or dī- 'to fade'.

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Modifies "duryodhanāmātyān".

भिक्षमाणान् (bhikṣamāṇān) - imploring Yudhiṣṭhira (begging, imploring, asking alms)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhikṣamāṇa

bhikṣamāṇa - begging, imploring, asking for, desirous of

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root bhikṣ (Class 1) with the present participle suffix -māna (Ātmanepada).

Root: bhikṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies "duryodhanāmātyān". Governs "yudhiṣṭhiram" (accusative).

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - The one being implored by the ministers. (to Yudhiṣṭhira, Yudhiṣṭhira (as object))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name, 'firm in battle')

From yudhi (locative of yudh 'battle') + sthira (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā- 'to stand'.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of the participle "bhikṣamāṇān".

वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - old, aged

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased, wise

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛdh (Class 1) with suffix -ta.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Modifies "duryodhanāmātyān".

दुर्योधनामात्यान् (duryodhanāmātyān) - Duryodhana's ministers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of duryodhanāmātya

duryodhanāmātya - Duryodhana's minister

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+amātya)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name, 'difficult to fight')
  proper noun (masculine)
• amātya – minister, companion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of the main verb "abhyabhāṣata".

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - One of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his strength. (Bhīmasena (Bhīma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (proper name, 'having a terrible army' or 'terrible warrior')

From bhīma (terrible) + sena (army).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root bhī- 'to fear'.
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host, weapon
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of the verb "abhyabhāṣata".

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - spoke to, addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect

Derived from root bhāṣ (Class 1) with upasarga abhi-, augment a-, and Ātmanepada ending -ta (for 3rd person singular).

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)