महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-231, verse-3

तामापतन्तीं संप्रेक्ष्य गन्धर्वाणां महाचमूम् ।
महता शरवर्षेण सोऽभ्यवर्षदरिंदमः ॥३॥

3. tāmāpatantīṁ saṁprekṣya gandharvāṇāṁ mahācamūm ,
mahatā śaravarṣeṇa so'bhyavarṣadariṁdamaḥ.

3. tām āpatantīm saṃprekṣya gandharvāṇām mahācamūm
mahatā śaravarṣeṇa saḥ abhyavarṣat ariṃdamaḥ

3. Seeing that great army of Gandharvas approaching, the subduer of enemies showered them with a mighty volley of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (army) (her, that)

• आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - approaching (army) (approaching, falling upon)

• संप्रेक्ष्य (saṁprekṣya) - having seen, having observed thoroughly

• गन्धर्वाणाम् (gandharvāṇām) - of the Gandharvas

• महाचमूम् (mahācamūm) - great army

• महता (mahatā) - with a mighty (by a great, with a great)

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a volley of arrows (by a shower of arrows, with a shower of arrows)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - he showered upon, he rained down

• अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (army) (her, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - approaching (army) (approaching, falling upon)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, falling, coming towards

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'pat' (to fall) with upasarga 'ā' (towards)

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `mahācamūm`

संप्रेक्ष्य (saṁprekṣya) - having seen, having observed thoroughly

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Derived from root 'īkṣ' (to see) with upasargas 'sam' (completely) and 'pra' (forth)

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

गन्धर्वाणाम् (gandharvāṇām) - of the Gandharvas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, often associated with music and war)

Note: Modifies `mahācamūm`

महाचमूम् (mahācamūm) - great army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahācamū

mahācamū - great army, large host

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+camū)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• camū – army, host, force
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of `saṃprekṣya`

महता (mahatā) - with a mighty (by a great, with a great)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a volley of arrows (by a shower of arrows, with a shower of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vṛṣ' (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Instrument for the action of showering

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Subject of `abhyavarṣat`

अभ्यवर्षत् (abhyavarṣat) - he showered upon, he rained down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-vṛṣ

Root 'vṛṣ' (to rain) with upasarga 'abhi' (upon, towards). Imperfect (Laṅ) tense, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes

Compound of 'ari' (enemy) and 'dama' (subduer), often used as an epithet for a warrior.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduer, tamer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root 'dam' (to subdue)
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Appositive to `saḥ` (he)