महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-182, verse-7

तं चापि हिंसितं तात मुनिं मूलफलाशिनम् ।
श्रुत्वा दृष्ट्वा च ते तत्र बभूवुर्दीनमानसाः ॥७॥

7. taṁ cāpi hiṁsitaṁ tāta muniṁ mūlaphalāśinam ,
śrutvā dṛṣṭvā ca te tatra babhūvurdīnamānasāḥ.

7. taṃ ca api hiṃsitaṃ tāta muniṃ mūlaphalāśinam
śrutvā dṛṣṭvā ca te tatra babhūvuḥ dīnamānasāḥ

7. And, O dear one (tāta), having heard and then witnessed that sage (muni) — who subsisted on roots and fruits — harmed, they (the Haihayas) became distressed in mind.

Words meanings summery:

• तं (taṁ) - him, that

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• हिंसितं (hiṁsitaṁ) - harmed, injured, killed

• तात (tāta) - O dear one, O father, O son

• मुनिं (muniṁ) - sage, ascetic

• मूलफलाशिनम् (mūlaphalāśinam) - eating roots and fruits, subsisting on roots and fruits

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• च (ca) - and

• ते (te) - they

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

• दीनमानसाः (dīnamānasāḥ) - distressed in mind, sorrowful, dejected

Words meanings and morphology

तं (taṁ) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'śrutvā' and 'dṛṣṭvā'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Particle.

हिंसितं (hiṁsitaṁ) - harmed, injured, killed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hiṃsita

hiṁsita - injured, harmed, slain, killed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'hiṃs' (to harm, injure) with suffix 'kta'.

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

तात (tāta) - O dear one, O father, O son

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - dear one, father, son (term of endearment/respect)

Note: Addressing the listener of this narration.

मुनिं (muniṁ) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā' and 'dṛṣṭvā'.

मूलफलाशिनम् (mūlaphalāśinam) - eating roots and fruits, subsisting on roots and fruits

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mūlaphalāśin

mūlaphalāśin - one who eats roots and fruits

Compound type : Tatpurusha (mūla+phala+āśin)

• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• āśin – eating, consuming
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from root 'aś' (to eat) with suffix '-in'.
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'muniṃ'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the Haihaya kings. Subject of 'babhūvuḥ'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

(indeclinable)

Adverbial from 'tad'.

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of bhū

Perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect form from root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

दीनमानसाः (dīnamānasāḥ) - distressed in mind, sorrowful, dejected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīnamānasa

dīnamānasa - distressed in mind, sad-minded, dejected

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dīna+mānasa)

• dīna – distressed, miserable, dejected, poor
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dī' (to fade, decay).
  Root: dī (class 4)
• mānasa – mind, mental, of the mind
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'manas' (mind).

Note: Complement to 'babhūvuḥ'.