महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-182, verse-16

स तानुवाच नास्माकं मृत्युः प्रभवते नृपाः ।
कारणं वः प्रवक्ष्यामि हेतुयोगं समासतः ॥१६॥

16. sa tānuvāca nāsmākaṁ mṛtyuḥ prabhavate nṛpāḥ ,
kāraṇaṁ vaḥ pravakṣyāmi hetuyogaṁ samāsataḥ.

16. saḥ tān uvāca na asmākam mṛtyuḥ prabhavate nṛpāḥ
kāraṇam vaḥ pravakṣyāmi hetuyogam samāsataḥ

16. He said to them, 'Death does not have power over us, O kings. I will explain to you the underlying cause (hetuyoga) concisely.'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• न (na) - not

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our, to us

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

• प्रभवते (prabhavate) - prevails, has power, originates

• नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - Vocative address to the kings. (O kings, kings)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause

• वः (vaḥ) - to you, your

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will tell

• हेतुयोगम् (hetuyogam) - the reason and its connection, the concatenation of causes

• समासतः (samāsataḥ) - concisely, briefly, in summary

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our, to us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of aham

aham - I

Genitive plural of 'aham'

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, mortality

Note: Subject of 'prabhavate'.

प्रभवते (prabhavate) - prevails, has power, originates

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of prabhū

Present tense, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - Vocative address to the kings. (O kings, kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root √kṛ (to do) with suffix -ana

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'pravakṣyāmi'.

वः (vaḥ) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Dative or Genitive plural of 'yuṣmad'

Note: Indirect object.

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pravac

Future tense, 1st person singular

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

हेतुयोगम् (hetuyogam) - the reason and its connection, the concatenation of causes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hetuyoga

hetuyoga - combination of causes, underlying cause, reason and connection

Compound type : tatpurusha (hetu+yoga)

• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
• yoga – connection, union, application, means
  noun (masculine)
  From root √yuj (to join)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Object of 'pravakṣyāmi'.

समासतः (samāsataḥ) - concisely, briefly, in summary

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'samāsa' (compound, summary) with suffix -tas

Note: Adverb.