महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-182, verse-14

ते तु दृष्ट्वैव तमृषिं विस्मयं परमं गताः ।
महदाश्चर्यमिति वै विब्रुवाणा महीपते ॥१४॥

14. te tu dṛṣṭvaiva tamṛṣiṁ vismayaṁ paramaṁ gatāḥ ,
mahadāścaryamiti vai vibruvāṇā mahīpate.

14. te tu dṛṣṭvā eva tam ṛṣim vismayam paramam
gatāḥ mahat āścaryam iti vai vivruvāṇāḥ mahīpate

14. But they, upon seeing that sage, were greatly astonished, exclaiming, 'This is indeed a great wonder,' O king.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - Refers to the kings. (they, those)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'upon seeing'. (only, just, indeed)

• तम् (tam) - Refers to the sage Tārkṣya. (him, that)

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - Refers to Tārkṣya. (sage, seer)

• विस्मयम् (vismayam) - astonishment, wonder

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, great, highest

• गताः (gatāḥ) - 'were filled with' or 'attained'. (attained, reached, went)

• महत् (mahat) - great, big

• आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, surprise

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• विव्रुवाणाः (vivruvāṇāḥ) - exclaiming, saying, speaking

• महीपते (mahīpate) - Vocative address to the king by the narrator. (O king, ruler of the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - Refers to the kings. (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -ktvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Also seen as a gerund.

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'upon seeing'. (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - Refers to the sage Tārkṣya. (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - Refers to Tārkṣya. (sage, seer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

विस्मयम् (vismayam) - astonishment, wonder

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vismaya

vismaya - astonishment, wonder, surprise

Note: Object of 'gatāḥ'.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, great, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, great

Note: Qualifies 'vismayam'.

गताः (gatāḥ) - 'were filled with' or 'attained'. (attained, reached, went)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, reached, attained

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go) with suffix -kta

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'te'.

महत् (mahat) - great, big

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Note: Qualifies 'āścaryam'.

आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, surprise

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - wonder, surprise, marvel

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech

(indeclinable)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

विव्रुवाणाः (vivruvāṇāḥ) - exclaiming, saying, speaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vivruvāṇa

vivruvāṇa - speaking, exclaiming

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root √brū (to speak) with prefix 'vi-' and present participle suffix -śānac.

Prefix: vi

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'te'.

महीपते (mahīpate) - Vocative address to the king by the narrator. (O king, ruler of the earth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)