महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-173, verse-8

एकादशं वर्षमिदं वसामः सुयोधनेनात्तसुखाः सुखार्हाः ।
तं वञ्चयित्वाधमबुद्धिशीलमज्ञातवासं सुखमाप्नुयामः ॥८॥

8. ekādaśaṁ varṣamidaṁ vasāmaḥ; suyodhanenāttasukhāḥ sukhārhāḥ ,
taṁ vañcayitvādhamabuddhiśīla;majñātavāsaṁ sukhamāpnuyāmaḥ.

8. ekādaśam varṣam idam vasāmaḥ
suyodhanena āttasukhāḥ sukhārhāḥ
tam vañcayitvā adhamabuddhiśīlam
ajñātavāsam sukham āpnuyāmaḥ

8. This is the eleventh year we have been dwelling here, deprived of happiness by Suyodhana, though we are truly deserving of it. Having deceived him, whose intellect and character are base, let us now attain happiness in our period of incognito (ajñātavāsa).

Words meanings summery:

• एकादशम् (ekādaśam) - eleventh

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - year, rain

• इदम् (idam) - this, here

• वसामः (vasāmaḥ) - we dwell, we reside

• सुयोधनेन (suyodhanena) - by Suyodhana

• आत्तसुखाः (āttasukhāḥ) - whose happiness has been taken away, deprived of happiness

• सुखार्हाः (sukhārhāḥ) - deserving of happiness, worthy of joy

• तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that)

• वञ्चयित्वा (vañcayitvā) - having deceived, having cheated

• अधमबुद्धिशीलम् (adhamabuddhiśīlam) - whose intellect and character are base, of base intellect and conduct

• अज्ञातवासम् (ajñātavāsam) - unknown residence, period of incognito

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, comfort, easily

• आप्नुयामः (āpnuyāmaḥ) - let us obtain, may we attain

Words meanings and morphology

एकादशम् (ekādaśam) - eleventh

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ekādaśa

ekādaśa - eleventh

Note: Agrees with varṣam.

वर्षम् (varṣam) - year, rain

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this, here

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to 'varṣam'.

वसामः (vasāmaḥ) - we dwell, we reside

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vas

Present indicative

1st person plural, Present Tense, Parasmaipada

Root: vas (class 1)

सुयोधनेन (suyodhanena) - by Suyodhana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - Duryodhana

आत्तसुखाः (āttasukhāḥ) - whose happiness has been taken away, deprived of happiness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āttasukha

āttasukha - whose happiness has been taken away, deprived of happiness

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ātta+sukha)

• ātta – taken, seized
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dā (to give) with upasarga ā (meaning 'to take')
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dā (class 3)
• sukha – happiness, joy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

सुखार्हाः (sukhārhāḥ) - deserving of happiness, worthy of joy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sukhārha

sukhārha - deserving of happiness, worthy of joy

Formed from sukha (happiness) and arha (deserving)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+arha)

• sukha – happiness, joy
  noun (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy
  adjective (masculine)
  From root arh (to deserve)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍavas.

तम् (tam) - Duryodhana (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'vañcayitvā'.

वञ्चयित्वा (vañcayitvā) - having deceived, having cheated

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Causative of root vañc (to cheat, deceive)

Root: vañc (class 1)

अधमबुद्धिशीलम् (adhamabuddhiśīlam) - whose intellect and character are base, of base intellect and conduct

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhamabuddhiśīla

adhamabuddhiśīla - of base intellect and conduct

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adhama+buddhi+śīla)

• adhama – lowest, vilest, mean
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of adha (below)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  From root budh (to know)
  Root: budh (class 1)
• śīla – character, conduct, nature
  noun (neuter)
  From root śīl (to practice)
  Root: śīl (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Duryodhana).

अज्ञातवासम् (ajñātavāsam) - unknown residence, period of incognito

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajñātavāsa

ajñātavāsa - unknown residence, period of incognito

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+jñāta+vāsa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jñāta – known, understood
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence
  noun (masculine)
  From root vas (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āpnuyāmaḥ'. Refers to the 13th year of exile.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, comfort, easily

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, comfort, ease

Note: Object of 'āpnuyāmaḥ'.

आप्नुयामः (āpnuyāmaḥ) - let us obtain, may we attain

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of āp

Optative

1st person plural, Optative Mood, Parasmaipada, from root āp (to obtain) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)