महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-173, verse-20

वृतः स सर्वैरनुजैर्द्विजैश्च तेनैव मार्गेण पतिः कुरूणाम् ।
उवाह चैनान्सगणांस्तथैव घटोत्कचः पर्वतनिर्झरेषु ॥२०॥

20. vṛtaḥ sa sarvairanujairdvijaiśca; tenaiva mārgeṇa patiḥ kurūṇām ,
uvāha cainānsagaṇāṁstathaiva; ghaṭotkacaḥ parvatanirjhareṣu.

20. vṛtaḥ sa sarvaiḥ anujaiḥ dvijaiḥ
ca tena eva mārgeṇa patiḥ kurūṇām
uvāha ca enān sagaṇān tathā
eva ghaṭotkacaḥ parvatanirjhareṣu

20. He, the lord of the Kurus, accompanied by all his younger brothers and Brahmins (dvijāḥ), went by that very path. And Ghaṭotkaca, along with his attendants, carried them (the Pandavas) through the mountain streams.

Words meanings summery:

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (surrounded, covered, chosen, accompanied)

• स (sa) - he (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (by all, by every)

• अनुजैः (anujaiḥ) - by his younger brothers (by younger brothers, by followers)

• द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by Brahmins (dvijāḥ) (by Brahmins, by the twice-born, by birds, by teeth)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तेन (tena) - by that (by that, by him)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just (indeed, just, only, even)

• मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by the path (by the path, by the way)

• पतिः (patiḥ) - lord (king) (lord, master, husband, ruler, king)

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus (of the Kurus, of Kuru's descendants)

• उवाह (uvāha) - he carried (he carried, he bore, he conveyed)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एनान् (enān) - them (the Pandavas) (them, these (masculine))

• सगणान् (sagaṇān) - along with their retinues (accompanied by his retinue, with his followers)

• तथा (tathā) - also, in that way (thus, in that way, so)

• एव (eva) - indeed, just (indeed, just, only, even)

• घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca (Ghaṭotkaca (son of Bhīma and Hidimbā))

• पर्वतनिर्झरेषु (parvatanirjhareṣu) - through the mountain streams (in the mountain streams/waterfalls)

Words meanings and morphology

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (surrounded, covered, chosen, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen, accompanied

Past Passive Participle

From root `vṛ` (to cover, surround, choose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

स (sa) - he (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine form.

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all (by all, by every)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

अनुजैः (anujaiḥ) - by his younger brothers (by younger brothers, by followers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anuja

anuja - younger brother, follower

From `anu` (after) and `ja` (born).

Prefix: anu

Root: jan (class 4)

द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by Brahmins (dvijāḥ) (by Brahmins, by the twice-born, by birds, by teeth)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, tooth, snake

From `dvi` (twice) and `ja` (born).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• ja – born, produced from, son
  adjective (masculine)
  From root `jan` (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by that (by that, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Instrumental singular masculine form.

एव (eva) - indeed, just (indeed, just, only, even)

(indeclinable)

मार्गेण (mārgeṇa) - by the path (by the path, by the way)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, track

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Denotes the means or way of movement.

पतिः (patiḥ) - lord (king) (lord, master, husband, ruler, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, ruler, king

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira.

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus (of the Kurus, of Kuru's descendants)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (ancestor of Pandavas and Kauravas), Kurus (descendants)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Possessive of `patiḥ`.

उवाह (uvāha) - he carried (he carried, he bore, he conveyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vah

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular perfect of root `vah`.

Root: vah (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एनान् (enān) - them (the Pandavas) (them, these (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of enam

enam - this, that, him, her, it

Forms of the demonstrative pronoun 'enad'. Accusative plural masculine.

सगणान् (sagaṇān) - along with their retinues (accompanied by his retinue, with his followers)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sagaṇa

sagaṇa - accompanied by a host or retinue, with a crowd

From `sa` (with) and `gaṇa` (group, retinue).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+gaṇa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• gaṇa – group, host, retinue, class
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gaṇ (class 10)

Note: Modifies `enān`.

तथा (tathā) - also, in that way (thus, in that way, so)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just (indeed, just, only, even)

(indeclinable)

घटोत्कचः (ghaṭotkacaḥ) - Ghaṭotkaca (Ghaṭotkaca (son of Bhīma and Hidimbā))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghaṭotkaca

ghaṭotkaca - Ghaṭotkaca (proper name, literally "pot-head")

Compound of `ghaṭa` (pot) and `utkaca` (hairless, or raised hair). Named so due to his head resembling a pot.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ghaṭa+utkaca)

• ghaṭa – pot, jar, pitcher
  noun (masculine)
• utkaca – having raised or bristling hair, bald
  adjective (masculine)
  From `ut` (up) and `kaca` (hair).
  Prefix: ut

Note: Subject of `uvāha`.

पर्वतनिर्झरेषु (parvatanirjhareṣu) - through the mountain streams (in the mountain streams/waterfalls)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of parvatanirjhara

parvatanirjhara - mountain stream, waterfall

From `parvata` (mountain) and `nirjhara` (waterfall, cascade).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+nirjhara)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• nirjhara – waterfall, cascade, spring, stream
  noun (masculine)
  From `nir` (out) and `jhṛ` (to fall).
  Prefix: nir
  Root: jhṛ (class 1)

Note: Denotes the place where the action occurs.