महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-173, verse-10

संवत्सरं तं तु विहृत्य गूढं नराधमं तं सुखमुद्धरेम ।
निर्यात्य वैरं सफलं सपुष्पं तस्मै नरेन्द्राधमपूरुषाय ॥१०॥

10. saṁvatsaraṁ taṁ tu vihṛtya gūḍhaṁ; narādhamaṁ taṁ sukhamuddharema ,
niryātya vairaṁ saphalaṁ sapuṣpaṁ; tasmai narendrādhamapūruṣāya.

10. saṃvatsaram tam tu vihṛtya gūḍham
narādhamam tam sukham uddharem
| niryātya vairam saphalam sapuṣpam
tasmai narendrādhamapūruṣāya

10. After having spent that year in hiding, we should easily eliminate that wicked man. Our enmity towards that vilest of rulers, that wretched person, will then bear fruit and blossom.

Words meanings summery:

• संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - year

• तम् (tam) - that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• विहृत्य (vihṛtya) - having spent, having passed

• गूढम् (gūḍham) - (referring to the year) in hiding, secretly (hidden, secret, concealed)

• नराधमम् (narādhamam) - that wicked man (Suyodhana) (vilest of men, wretch)

• तम् (tam) - (referring to Suyodhana) (that)

• सुखम् (sukham) - easily, happily, with pleasure

• उद्धरेम् (uddharem) - we should eliminate (we should remove, we should rescue)

• निर्यात्य (niryātya) - having manifested, having issued forth (having gone forth, having issued forth, having manifested)

• वैरम् (vairam) - enmity, hostility

• सफलम् (saphalam) - fruitful, successful

• सपुष्पम् (sapuṣpam) - flourishing (blossoming, with flowers)

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to that, for that

• नरेन्द्राधमपूरुषाय (narendrādhamapūruṣāya) - for that vilest of rulers, that wretched person (Suyodhana) (to that vilest of king-like men, for that most wretched among rulers)

Words meanings and morphology

संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - year

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year, an era, a cycle of sixty years

Prefix: sam

Root: vas (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

विहृत्य (vihṛtya) - having spent, having passed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

derived from root hṛ with prefix vi, suffix tya

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

गूढम् (gūḍham) - (referring to the year) in hiding, secretly (hidden, secret, concealed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gūḍha

gūḍha - hidden, secret, concealed, obscure

Past Passive Participle

derived from root guh

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use possible.

नराधमम् (narādhamam) - that wicked man (Suyodhana) (vilest of men, wretch)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narādhama

narādhama - low man, vilest of men, wretch

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, vilest, worst
  adjective (masculine)

तम् (tam) - (referring to Suyodhana) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सुखम् (sukham) - easily, happily, with pleasure

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb here, meaning "easily".

उद्धरेम् (uddharem) - we should eliminate (we should remove, we should rescue)

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of uddhṛ

derived from root hṛ with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: First person plural optative active.

निर्यात्य (niryātya) - having manifested, having issued forth (having gone forth, having issued forth, having manifested)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

derived from root yā with prefix nir

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

वैरम् (vairam) - enmity, hostility

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - hostility, enmity, hatred, revenge

Note: This is an object of an implied action or subject of an implied predicate. Given saphalam sapuṣpam, it acts as a subject or complement.

सफलम् (saphalam) - fruitful, successful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saphala

saphala - bearing fruit, fruitful, successful, efficacious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+phala)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)

सपुष्पम् (sapuṣpam) - flourishing (blossoming, with flowers)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sapuṣpa

sapuṣpa - having flowers, blossoming, flourishing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+puṣpa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)

तस्मै (tasmai) - to that, for that

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नरेन्द्राधमपूरुषाय (narendrādhamapūruṣāya) - for that vilest of rulers, that wretched person (Suyodhana) (to that vilest of king-like men, for that most wretched among rulers)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of narendrādhamapūruṣa

narendrādhamapūruṣa - a man who is the lowest among kings (rulers)

Compound type : tatpurusha (narendra+adhama+pūruṣa)

• narendra – king, lord of men
  noun (masculine)
• adhama – lowest, vilest, worst
  adjective (masculine)
• pūruṣa – man, person, male, cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

Note: The term puruṣa is not used in its philosophical sense here.