महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-173, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
तस्मिन्कृतास्त्रे रथिनां प्रधाने प्रत्यागते भवनाद्वृत्रहन्तुः ।
अतः परं किमकुर्वन्त पार्थाः समेत्य शूरेण धनंजयेन ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
tasminkṛtāstre rathināṁ pradhāne; pratyāgate bhavanādvṛtrahantuḥ ,
ataḥ paraṁ kimakurvanta pārthāḥ; sametya śūreṇa dhanaṁjayena.

1. janamejaya uvāca tasmin kṛtāstre
rathinām pradhāne pratyāgate bhavanāt
vṛtrahantuḥ ataḥ param kim akurvanta
pārthāḥ sametya śūreṇa dhanaṃjayena

1. Janamejaya said: "After that master of weapons (kṛtāstra), the chief of charioteers, had returned from the abode of Indra (Vṛtrahan), what did the Pārthas do next, having met with the valiant Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)?"

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - referring to Arjuna (in that, when that)

• कृतास्त्रे (kṛtāstre) - when Arjuna, the master of divine weapons, (had returned) (in the master of weapons, when the master of weapons)

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• प्रधाने (pradhāne) - when Arjuna, the chief (among charioteers), (had returned) (in the chief, when the chief)

• प्रत्यागते (pratyāgate) - when Arjuna had returned (in the one who had returned, when he had returned)

• भवनात् (bhavanāt) - from the abode, from the dwelling

• वृत्रहन्तुः (vṛtrahantuḥ) - of Indra (of Vṛtrahan)

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this, hence, then

• परम् (param) - after, further, beyond

• किम् (kim) - what?

• अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - Arjuna and his brothers (the Pārthas)

• समेत्य (sametya) - having met, having assembled

• शूरेण (śūreṇa) - by the hero, with the valiant one

• धनंजयेन (dhanaṁjayena) - by Arjuna (by Dhanañjaya)

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (a king, descendant of Pāṇḍavas)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - referring to Arjuna (in that, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

कृतास्त्रे (kṛtāstre) - when Arjuna, the master of divine weapons, (had returned) (in the master of weapons, when the master of weapons)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṛtāstra

kṛtāstra - one who has mastered weapons, an expert in arms

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+astra)

• kṛta – made, done, performed
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• astra – missile, weapon, arrow
  noun (neuter)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

प्रधाने (pradhāne) - when Arjuna, the chief (among charioteers), (had returned) (in the chief, when the chief)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pradhāna

pradhāna - chief, principal, foremost, prime

Prefix: pra

Root: dhā (class 3)

प्रत्यागते (pratyāgate) - when Arjuna had returned (in the one who had returned, when he had returned)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of pratyāgata

pratyāgata - returned, come back

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefixes prati and ā.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

भवनात् (bhavanāt) - from the abode, from the dwelling

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhavana

bhavana - abode, dwelling, house, world

Root: bhū (class 1)

वृत्रहन्तुः (vṛtrahantuḥ) - of Indra (of Vṛtrahan)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vṛtrahan

vṛtrahan - slayer of Vṛtra, Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛtra+han)

• vṛtra – Vṛtra (name of a demon)
  proper noun (masculine)
• han – slayer, killer
  noun (masculine)
  From root han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)

अतः (ataḥ) - from this, hence, then

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - after, further, beyond

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially with 'ataḥ'.

किम् (kim) - what?

(indeclinable)

अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - Arjuna and his brothers (the Pārthas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma etc.

समेत्य (sametya) - having met, having assembled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root i (to go) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

शूरेण (śūreṇa) - by the hero, with the valiant one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, valiant, brave

धनंजयेन (dhanaṁjayena) - by Arjuna (by Dhanañjaya)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna (a proper name)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – conquering, victory, victor
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)