महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-144, verse-10

कथं वेश्मसु गुप्तेषु स्वास्तीर्णशयनोचिता ।
शेते निपतिता भूमौ सुखार्हा वरवर्णिनी ॥१०॥

10. kathaṁ veśmasu gupteṣu svāstīrṇaśayanocitā ,
śete nipatitā bhūmau sukhārhā varavarṇinī.

10. katham veśmasu gupteṣu svāstīrṇaśayanoicitā
śete nipatitā bhūmau sukhārhā varavarṇinī

10. How can she, accustomed to well-spread beds in private chambers, this beautiful woman (varavarṇinī) who deserves comfort, now lie fallen on the ground?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how? why?

• वेश्मसु (veśmasu) - in houses, in chambers, in dwellings

• गुप्तेषु (gupteṣu) - in hidden, in private, in protected (places)

• स्वास्तीर्णशयनोइचिता (svāstīrṇaśayanoicitā) - accustomed to well-spread beds

• शेते (śete) - she lies, she rests

• निपतिता (nipatitā) - fallen down

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• सुखार्हा (sukhārhā) - worthy of comfort, deserving happiness

• वरवर्णिनी (varavarṇinī) - beautiful woman, woman of excellent complexion

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how? why?

(indeclinable)

वेश्मसु (veśmasu) - in houses, in chambers, in dwellings

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of veśman

veśman - house, dwelling, chamber

गुप्तेषु (gupteṣu) - in hidden, in private, in protected (places)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of gupta

gupta - hidden, protected, secret

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √gup (to protect, to hide)

Root: gup (class 1)

स्वास्तीर्णशयनोइचिता (svāstīrṇaśayanoicitā) - accustomed to well-spread beds

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of svāstīrṇaśayanocita

svāstīrṇaśayanocita - accustomed to well-spread beds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+āstīrṇa+śayana+ucita)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• āstīrṇa – spread, covered, strewn
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of √stṛ (to spread) with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: stṛ (class 5)
• śayana – bed, couch, sleeping
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śī
• ucita – suitable, proper, accustomed to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of √uc (to be pleased, be accustomed) or √vac (to speak)
  Root: uc (class 1)

शेते (śete) - she lies, she rests

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present Middle

Present tense, middle voice form of √śī

Root: śī (class 2)

निपतिता (nipatitā) - fallen down

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nipatita

nipatita - fallen, descended, thrown down

Past Passive Participle

PPP of √pat (to fall) with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

सुखार्हा (sukhārhā) - worthy of comfort, deserving happiness

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sukhārha

sukhārha - worthy of happiness or comfort

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+arha)

• sukha – comfort, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: arh (class 1)

वरवर्णिनी (varavarṇinī) - beautiful woman, woman of excellent complexion

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of varavarṇinī

varavarṇinī - a beautiful woman, a woman of excellent complexion

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vara+varṇin)

• vara – excellent, best, beautiful; boon
  adjective (masculine)
• varṇin – having color; a woman with a complexion
  noun (masculine)