महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-111, verse-20

सोऽपश्यदासीनमुपेत्य पुत्रं ध्यायन्तमेकं विपरीतचित्तम् ।
विनिःश्वसन्तं मुहुरूर्ध्वदृष्टिं विभाण्डकः पुत्रमुवाच दीनम् ॥२०॥

20. so'paśyadāsīnamupetya putraṁ; dhyāyantamekaṁ viparītacittam ,
viniḥśvasantaṁ muhurūrdhvadṛṣṭiṁ; vibhāṇḍakaḥ putramuvāca dīnam.

20. saḥ apaśyat āsīnam upetya putram
dhyāyantam ekam viparītacittam
viniḥśvasantam muhuḥ ūrdhvadṛṣṭim
vibhāṇḍakaḥ putram uvāca dīnam

20. Approaching his son, who was sitting alone, meditating, with a bewildered mind, repeatedly sighing and looking upwards, Vibhāṇḍaka spoke to his sorrowful son.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Vibhāṇḍaka) (he, that)

• अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw (his son) (saw, looked at)

• आसीनम् (āsīnam) - sitting (sitting, seated)

• उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached (having approached, having gone near)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son (referring to Ṛṣyaśṛṅga) (son, child)

• ध्यायन्तम् (dhyāyantam) - meditating (meditating, contemplating, thinking of)

• एकम् (ekam) - alone (one, alone, solitary)

• विपरीतचित्तम् (viparītacittam) - with a bewildered mind (bewildered-minded, confused, with an altered mind)

• विनिःश्वसन्तम् (viniḥśvasantam) - sighing (sighing, breathing out heavily)

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, often)

• ऊर्ध्वदृष्टिम् (ūrdhvadṛṣṭim) - gazing upwards (gazing upwards, with an upward glance)

• विभाण्डकः (vibhāṇḍakaḥ) - Vibhāṇḍaka (proper noun)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son (referring to Ṛṣyaśṛṅga) (son, child)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

• दीनम् (dīnam) - sorrowful, distressed (referring to the son) (distressed, miserable, sorrowful)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Vibhāṇḍaka) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अपश्यत् (apaśyat) - saw (his son) (saw, looked at)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

आसीनम् (āsīnam) - sitting (sitting, seated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āsīna

āsīna - sitting, seated, abiding, staying

Past Passive Participle (from Āsana form)

From root ās

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Agrees with putram

उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached (having approached, having gone near)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root i with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

पुत्रम् (putram) - son (referring to Ṛṣyaśṛṅga) (son, child)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

ध्यायन्तम् (dhyāyantam) - meditating (meditating, contemplating, thinking of)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhyāyat

dhyāyat - meditating, contemplating, thinking of

Present Active Participle

From root dhyā (or dhyai)

Root: dhyā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with putram

एकम् (ekam) - alone (one, alone, solitary)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, solitary, unique

Note: Agrees with putram

विपरीतचित्तम् (viparītacittam) - with a bewildered mind (bewildered-minded, confused, with an altered mind)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viparītacitta

viparītacitta - having a reversed or perverse mind, bewildered-minded, confused

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viparīta+citta)

• viparīta – reversed, inverted, contrary, bewildered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i with prefixes vi- and pari-
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)
• citta – mind, thought, intellect
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with putram

विनिःश्वसन्तम् (viniḥśvasantam) - sighing (sighing, breathing out heavily)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viniḥśvasat

viniḥśvasat - sighing, breathing out heavily

Present Active Participle

From root śvas with prefixes vi- and niḥ-

Prefixes: vi+niḥ

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Agrees with putram

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, often)

(indeclinable)

ऊर्ध्वदृष्टिम् (ūrdhvadṛṣṭim) - gazing upwards (gazing upwards, with an upward glance)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ūrdhvadṛṣṭi

ūrdhvadṛṣṭi - looking upwards, having an upward glance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrdhva+dṛṣṭi)

• ūrdhva – upward, elevated, high
  adjective (masculine)
• dṛṣṭi – sight, glance, eye
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with putram

विभाण्डकः (vibhāṇḍakaḥ) - Vibhāṇḍaka (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhāṇḍaka

vibhāṇḍaka - name of a sage, father of Ṛṣyaśṛṅga

पुत्रम् (putram) - son (referring to Ṛṣyaśṛṅga) (son, child)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

दीनम् (dīnam) - sorrowful, distressed (referring to the son) (distressed, miserable, sorrowful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, miserable, sorrowful, dejected, poor

Past Passive Participle

From root dī (to decay, be sad)

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Agrees with putram