महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-111, verse-13

लोमश उवाच ।
सा तानि सर्वाणि विसर्जयित्वा भक्षान्महार्हान्प्रददौ ततोऽस्मै ।
तान्यृश्यशृङ्गस्य महारसानि भृशं सुरूपाणि रुचिं ददुर्हि ॥१३॥

13. lomaśa uvāca ,
sā tāni sarvāṇi visarjayitvā; bhakṣānmahārhānpradadau tato'smai ,
tānyṛśyaśṛṅgasya mahārasāni; bhṛśaṁ surūpāṇi ruciṁ dadurhi.

13. lomaśaḥ uvāca sā tāni sarvāṇi
visarjayitvā bhakṣān mahārhān pradadau
tataḥ asmai tāni ṛṣyaśṛṅgasya mahārasāni
bhṛśam surūpāṇi rucim daduḥ hi

13. Lomaśa said: Having sent all of them away, she then gave him very expensive foods. Indeed, those exceedingly delicious and beautiful items greatly delighted Ṛṣyaśṛṅga.

13. לוֹמַשַׁה אמר, היא הניחה בצד את כל אלה ונתנה לו אז מאכלים יקרים מאוד, והם היו עסיסיים מאוד, יפים מאוד, וגרמו לרְשְׁיַשְׁרְנְגַה הנאה.

Words meanings summery:

• लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - The sage Lomaśa (Lomaśa (a sage's name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• सा (sā) - she (referring to the courtesan) (she, that (feminine))

• तानि (tāni) - those (people/companions) (those, them (neuter))

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (of them) (all, every (neuter))

• विसर्जयित्वा (visarjayitvā) - having sent away (having dismissed, having sent away)

• भक्षान् (bhakṣān) - foods (foods, eatables)

• महार्हान् (mahārhān) - very expensive (very valuable, expensive, great, precious)

• प्रददौ (pradadau) - gave (gave, offered)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• अस्मै (asmai) - to him (Ṛṣyaśṛṅga) (to him, for this (masculine/neuter))

• तानि (tāni) - those (foods) (those, them (neuter))

• ऋष्यशृङ्गस्य (ṛṣyaśṛṅgasya) - of Ṛṣyaśṛṅga (the sage's son) (of Ṛṣyaśṛṅga)

• महारसानि (mahārasāni) - exceedingly delicious (very delicious, greatly tasteful)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - very (greatly, exceedingly, very)

• सुरूपाणि (surūpāṇi) - beautiful (beautiful, well-formed)

• रुचिम् (rucim) - delight (delight, pleasure, luster, appetite)

• ददुः (daduḥ) - they gave

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

Words meanings and morphology

लोमशः (lomaśaḥ) - The sage Lomaśa (Lomaśa (a sage's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - Lomaśa (name of a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada, perfect tense of √vac (2nd class)

Root: vac (class 2)

सा (sā) - she (referring to the courtesan) (she, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

तानि (tāni) - those (people/companions) (those, them (neuter))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those, it

Note: Also nominative plural neuter, but context implies accusative (object of dismissal).

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (of them) (all, every (neuter))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Modifies tāni.

विसर्जयित्वा (visarjayitvā) - having sent away (having dismissed, having sent away)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

absolutive form of √sṛj with prefix vi, causative

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

भक्षान् (bhakṣān) - foods (foods, eatables)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhakṣa

bhakṣa - food, eatable

Note: Object of pradadau.

महार्हान् (mahārhān) - very expensive (very valuable, expensive, great, precious)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahārha

mahārha - very valuable, costly, excellent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+arha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• arha – deserving, valuable, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Modifies bhakṣān.

प्रददौ (pradadau) - gave (gave, offered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada, perfect tense of √dā with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

अस्मै (asmai) - to him (Ṛṣyaśṛṅga) (to him, for this (masculine/neuter))

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, to him, for this

Note: Refers to Ṛṣyaśṛṅga.

तानि (tāni) - those (foods) (those, them (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those, it

Note: Refers to the items presented (the foods), agreeing with the neuter adjectives mahārasāni and surūpāṇi.

ऋष्यशृङ्गस्य (ṛṣyaśṛṅgasya) - of Ṛṣyaśṛṅga (the sage's son) (of Ṛṣyaśṛṅga)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ṛṣyaśṛṅga

ṛṣyaśṛṅga - Ṛṣyaśṛṅga (name of a sage)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣya+śṛṅga)

• ṛṣya – a species of deer, antelope
  noun (masculine)
• śṛṅga – horn
  noun (neuter)

Note: Possessive, 'belonging to Ṛṣyaśṛṅga'.

महारसानि (mahārasāni) - exceedingly delicious (very delicious, greatly tasteful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mahārasa

mahārasa - very tasteful, delicious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rasa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• rasa – taste, juice, essence, delight
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies tāni.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - very (greatly, exceedingly, very)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying surūpāṇi.

सुरूपाणि (surūpāṇi) - beautiful (beautiful, well-formed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of surūpa

surūpa - beautiful, handsome, well-formed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+rūpa)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
• rūpa – form, beauty, shape
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies tāni.

रुचिम् (rucim) - delight (delight, pleasure, luster, appetite)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ruci

ruci - light, luster, beauty, pleasure, appetite

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Object of daduḥ.

ददुः (daduḥ) - they gave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect Active Indicative

3rd person plural, parasmaipada, perfect tense of √dā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject is tāni.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

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