महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-104, verse-9

स पुत्रकामो नृपतिस्तताप सुमहत्तपः ।
पत्नीभ्यां सह राजेन्द्र कैलासं गिरिमाश्रितः ॥९॥

9. sa putrakāmo nṛpatistatāpa sumahattapaḥ ,
patnībhyāṁ saha rājendra kailāsaṁ girimāśritaḥ.

9. saḥ putrakāmaḥ nṛpatiḥ tatāpa sumahat tapaḥ
patnībhyām saha rājendra kailāsam girim āśritaḥ

9. O king of kings, that king, desirous of a son, resorted to the Kailasa mountain and practiced very great austerity (tapas) along with his two wives.

9. המלך, שרצה בנים, ביצע תרגולי עוצמה רוחנית גדולים מאוד, הו מלך המלכים, יחד עם נשותיו, ופנה אל הר קַילָאסַה.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that king (referring to the king from the previous verse) (he, that)

• पुत्रकामः (putrakāmaḥ) - the king, desirous of a son (desirous of a son, son-desiring)

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, ruler

• तताप (tatāpa) - he practiced (austerity) (he practiced austerity, he performed penance, he heated)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, immense

• तपः (tapaḥ) - severe austerity (tapas) (austerity (tapas), penance, heat)

• पत्नीभ्याम् (patnībhyām) - with the two wives

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - An address to the listener (O king of kings, O chief of kings)

• कैलासम् (kailāsam) - Mount Kailasa, Shiva's abode (Kailasa (mountain))

• गिरिम् (girim) - mountain, hill

• आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - having resorted to, dwelling in (resorted to, taken refuge in, dwelling in)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that king (referring to the king from the previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पुत्रकामः (putrakāmaḥ) - the king, desirous of a son (desirous of a son, son-desiring)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putrakāma

putrakāma - desirous of a son

Tatpuruṣa compound: putra (son) + kāma (desire, desirous of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+kāma)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish, love, desirous of
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'nṛpatiḥ'.

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler

Tatpuruṣa compound: nṛ (man) + pati (lord, master).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तताप (tatāpa) - he practiced (austerity) (he practiced austerity, he performed penance, he heated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of tap

Perfect

Third person singular active of root tap (class 1, 4). Reduplicated form.

Root: tap (class 1)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, immense

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large

Compound of su (good, well, very) and mahat (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tapaḥ'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - severe austerity (tapas) (austerity (tapas), penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, asceticism, penance, austerity (tapas)

From root tap (to heat, suffer, practice austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of 'tatāpa'.

पत्नीभ्याम् (patnībhyām) - with the two wives

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, dual of patnī

patnī - wife, mistress (of a household)

Feminine of pati (lord, husband).

Note: Used with 'saha' (with).

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - An address to the listener (O king of kings, O chief of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, chief of kings

Tatpuruṣa compound: rājan (king) + indra (chief, lord, best). Sandhi `rājan` + `indra` = `rājendra` (guṇa sandhi).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• indra – Indra (Vedic deity), chief, lord
  noun (masculine)
  Root: id (class 6)

Note: Used as an address to the listener.

कैलासम् (kailāsam) - Mount Kailasa, Shiva's abode (Kailasa (mountain))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kailāsa

kailāsa - Kailasa mountain (abode of Shiva)

Note: Object of 'āśritaḥ'.

गिरिम् (girim) - mountain, hill

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Appositive to 'kailāsam'.

आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - having resorted to, dwelling in (resorted to, taken refuge in, dwelling in)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent

Past Passive Participle

From root śri (to resort to, serve) with prefix ā (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ nṛpatiḥ'.

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