महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-104, verse-6

लोमश उवाच ।
इक्ष्वाकूणां कुले जातः सगरो नाम पार्थिवः ।
रूपसत्त्वबलोपेतः स चापुत्रः प्रतापवान् ॥६॥

6. lomaśa uvāca ,
ikṣvākūṇāṁ kule jātaḥ sagaro nāma pārthivaḥ ,
rūpasattvabalopetaḥ sa cāputraḥ pratāpavān.

6. lomaśa uvāca ikṣvākūṇām kule jātaḥ sagaraḥ nāma
pārthivaḥ rūpasattvabalopetaḥ saḥ ca aputraḥ pratāpavān

6. Lomaśa said: A king named Sagara was born in the lineage of the Ikṣvākus. He was endowed with beauty, courage, and strength, and though mighty, he was childless.

Words meanings summery:

• लोमश (lomaśa) - The sage who is narrating the story to Yudhiṣṭhira (Lomaśa)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इक्ष्वाकूणाम् (ikṣvākūṇām) - Of the members of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (of the Ikṣvākus)

• कुले (kule) - in the family, in the lineage

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, originated

• सगरः (sagaraḥ) - The king whose story is being told (Sagara)

• नाम (nāma) - 'named' or 'called' (Sagara) (by name, indeed, called)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, earthly ruler

• रूपसत्त्वबलोपेतः (rūpasattvabalopetaḥ) - endowed with beauty, courage, and strength

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to Sagara (he)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपुत्रः (aputraḥ) - childless, without sons

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, glorious, powerful

Words meanings and morphology

लोमश (lomaśa) - The sage who is narrating the story to Yudhiṣṭhira (Lomaśa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lomaśa

lomaśa - Lomaśa (name of a sage)

Note: The speaker of this verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

इक्ष्वाकूणाम् (ikṣvākūṇām) - Of the members of the Ikṣvāku dynasty (of the Ikṣvākus)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ikṣvāku

ikṣvāku - Ikṣvāku (name of an ancient king, founder of a solar dynasty)

Note: Qualifies 'kule'.

कुले (kule) - in the family, in the lineage

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, clan

Note: Indicates the place of birth.

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, originated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jan

jan - to be born, to originate

Past Passive Participle

from root jan, with suffix -kta

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'sagaraḥ'.

सगरः (sagaraḥ) - The king whose story is being told (Sagara)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sagara

sagara - Sagara (name of a famous ancient king)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied verb 'was').

नाम (nāma) - 'named' or 'called' (Sagara) (by name, indeed, called)

(indeclinable)

used as an indeclinable particle here

Note: Particle used to indicate a name.

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, earthly ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, earthly, royal

from pṛthivī (earth)

Note: Predicate nominative for Sagara.

रूपसत्त्वबलोपेतः (rūpasattvabalopetaḥ) - endowed with beauty, courage, and strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rūpasattvabalopeta

rūpasattvabalopeta - endowed with beauty, courage, and strength

Compound type : bahuvrihi (rūpa+sattva+bala+upeta)

• rūpa – form, beauty, appearance
  noun (neuter)
• sattva – courage, goodness, essence, existence
  noun (neuter)
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)
• upeta – endowed with, possessed of, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from upa-i (to go near)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'sagaraḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - Referring to Sagara (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Reinforces Sagara as the subject.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects descriptions.

अपुत्रः (aputraḥ) - childless, without sons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aputra

aputra - childless, sonless

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+putra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for Sagara.

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - mighty, glorious, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - mighty, glorious, powerful, resplendent

suffixed with -mat

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'sagaraḥ' / 'saḥ'.