महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-104, verse-4

एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं विस्तरेण तपोधन ।
कथ्यमानं त्वया विप्र राज्ञां चरितमुत्तमम् ॥४॥

4. etadicchāmyahaṁ śrotuṁ vistareṇa tapodhana ,
kathyamānaṁ tvayā vipra rājñāṁ caritamuttamam.

4. etat icchāmi aham śrotum vistareṇa tapodhana
kathyamānam tvayā vipra rājñām caritam uttamam

4. O ascetic (tapodhana), O Brahmin, I desire to hear this excellent account of kings narrated by you in detail.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - Referring to the excellent history of kings (this, this one)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

• अहम् (aham) - I

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• तपोधन (tapodhana) - O ascetic, one whose wealth is austerity

• कथ्यमानम् (kathyamānam) - being narrated, being spoken

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

• चरितम् (caritam) - Excellent account/history (history, deeds, conduct, character)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - Referring to the excellent history of kings (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Object of 'to hear'.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

root iṣ, 6th class, Parasmaipada, Present Tense, 1st person singular

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'icchāmi'.

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

infinitive of root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Purpose infinitive complementing 'icchāmi'.

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - detail, expansion, extent

Note: Adverbial use, indicating manner.

तपोधन (tapodhana) - O ascetic, one whose wealth is austerity

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - one whose wealth is austerity (tapas), ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addressing the sage Lomaśa.

कथ्यमानम् (kathyamānam) - being narrated, being spoken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kath

kath - to tell, to narrate

Present Passive Participle

from causative of kath, with -māna suffix

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'caritam'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in the passive construction 'kathyamānam'.

विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, wise

Note: Addressing the sage Lomaśa.

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Possessive, qualifying 'caritam'.

चरितम् (caritam) - Excellent account/history (history, deeds, conduct, character)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of carita

carita - history, conduct, character, deed

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

from root car, 'to move, to behave'

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of the desire to hear.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - best, excellent, highest, supreme

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'caritam'.