महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-104, verse-4

एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं विस्तरेण तपोधन ।
कथ्यमानं त्वया विप्र राज्ञां चरितमुत्तमम् ॥४॥

4. etadicchāmyahaṁ śrotuṁ vistareṇa tapodhana ,
kathyamānaṁ tvayā vipra rājñāṁ caritamuttamam.

4. etat icchāmi aham śrotum vistareṇa tapodhana
kathyamānam tvayā vipra rājñām caritam uttamam

4. O ascetic (tapodhana), O Brahmin, I desire to hear this excellent account of kings narrated by you in detail.

4. הו עשיר בעוצמה רוחנית, אני רוצה לשמוע זאת בהרחבה. הו בְּרַהְמִין, ספר לי את תולדותיהם המופתיות של המלכים.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - Referring to the excellent history of kings (this, this one)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

• अहम् (aham) - I

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

• तपोधन (tapodhana) - O ascetic, one whose wealth is austerity

• कथ्यमानम् (kathyamānam) - being narrated, being spoken

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

• चरितम् (caritam) - Excellent account/history (history, deeds, conduct, character)

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - Referring to the excellent history of kings (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Object of 'to hear'.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

root iṣ, 6th class, Parasmaipada, Present Tense, 1st person singular

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject of 'icchāmi'.

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear, to listen

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

infinitive of root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Purpose infinitive complementing 'icchāmi'.

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - detail, expansion, extent

Note: Adverbial use, indicating manner.

तपोधन (tapodhana) - O ascetic, one whose wealth is austerity

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - one whose wealth is austerity (tapas), ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)

Note: Addressing the sage Lomaśa.

कथ्यमानम् (kathyamānam) - being narrated, being spoken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kath

kath - to tell, to narrate

Present Passive Participle

from causative of kath, with -māna suffix

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'caritam'.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in the passive construction 'kathyamānam'.

विप्र (vipra) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired, wise

Note: Addressing the sage Lomaśa.

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Possessive, qualifying 'caritam'.

चरितम् (caritam) - Excellent account/history (history, deeds, conduct, character)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of carita

carita - history, conduct, character, deed

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

from root car, 'to move, to behave'

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of the desire to hear.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, supreme, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - best, excellent, highest, supreme

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'caritam'.

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