महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-104, verse-10

स तप्यमानः सुमहत्तपो योगसमन्वितः ।
आससाद महात्मानं त्र्यक्षं त्रिपुरमर्दनम् ॥१०॥

10. sa tapyamānaḥ sumahattapo yogasamanvitaḥ ,
āsasāda mahātmānaṁ tryakṣaṁ tripuramardanam.

10. saḥ tapyamānaḥ sumahat tapaḥ yogasamanvitaḥ
āsaṣāda mahātmānam tryakṣam tripuramardanam

10. He, practicing that very great austerity (tapas) and endowed with yoga, approached the great being, the three-eyed one (Tryakṣa), the destroyer of Tripura (Tripuramardana).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that king (continuing from the previous verse) (he, that)

• तप्यमानः (tapyamānaḥ) - while practicing austerity (practicing austerity, being heated, undergoing penance)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, immense

• तपः (tapaḥ) - severe austerity (tapas) (austerity (tapas), penance, heat)

• योगसमन्वितः (yogasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with (the practice of) yoga (endowed with yoga, connected with yoga, accompanied by yoga)

• आसषाद (āsaṣāda) - he attained, he approached, he met

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great divine being (Lord Shiva) (the great soul, the great being)

• त्र्यक्षम् (tryakṣam) - Lord Shiva (who has three eyes), as an object of approach (the three-eyed one)

• त्रिपुरमर्दनम् (tripuramardanam) - Lord Shiva, who destroyed the three cities (Tripura), as an object of approach (the destroyer of Tripura)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that king (continuing from the previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तप्यमानः (tapyamānaḥ) - while practicing austerity (practicing austerity, being heated, undergoing penance)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tapyamāna

tapyamāna - practicing austerity, undergoing penance

Present Middle Participle

From root tap (to heat, practice austerity) with suffix -māna. Middle voice.

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, immense

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large

Compound of su (good, well, very) and mahat (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tapaḥ'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - severe austerity (tapas) (austerity (tapas), penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, asceticism, penance, austerity (tapas)

From root tap (to heat, suffer, practice austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Implied object of 'tapyamānaḥ'.

योगसमन्वितः (yogasamanvitaḥ) - endowed with (the practice of) yoga (endowed with yoga, connected with yoga, accompanied by yoga)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yogasamanvita

yogasamanvita - endowed with yoga, connected with yoga

Past Passive Participle

Compound: yoga (yoga) + samanvita (endowed with, accompanied by). Samanvita from root i (to go) with prefixes sam and anu.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yoga+samanvita)

• yoga – union, spiritual discipline (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  From root yuj (to join, unite).
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• samanvita – endowed with, accompanied by, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root i (to go) with prefixes sam (with, together) and anu (after, along).
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'saḥ'.

आसषाद (āsaṣāda) - he attained, he approached, he met

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of sad

Perfect

Third person singular active of root sad (class 1, 6) with prefix ā. Reduplicated form. The 'ṣ' appears due to internal sandhi after 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great divine being (Lord Shiva) (the great soul, the great being)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, great being

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + ātman (soul, self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
  The 't' changes to 'ā' in compounds.
  Root: mah (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul (ātman), essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of 'āsaṣāda'.

त्र्यक्षम् (tryakṣam) - Lord Shiva (who has three eyes), as an object of approach (the three-eyed one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tryakṣa

tryakṣa - three-eyed

Bahuvrīhi compound: tri (three) + akṣa (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+akṣa)

• tri – three
  numeral
• akṣa – eye
  noun (neuter)
  Root: akṣ (class 1)

Note: Appositive to 'mahātmānam'.

त्रिपुरमर्दनम् (tripuramardanam) - Lord Shiva, who destroyed the three cities (Tripura), as an object of approach (the destroyer of Tripura)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tripuramardana

tripuramardana - destroyer of Tripura

Tatpuruṣa compound: tripura (name of a demon city/cities) + mardana (destroyer, crushing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tripura+mardana)

• tripura – the three cities (name of an Asura city)
  proper noun (neuter)
  Compound of tri (three) + pura (city).
• mardana – crushing, destroying, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Noun of action/agent
  From root mṛd (to crush, destroy).
  Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: Appositive to 'mahātmānam'.