महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-10, verse-5

इन्द्रोऽप्यश्रुनिपातेन सुरभ्या प्रतिबोधितः ।
अन्यैः समृद्धैरप्यर्थैर्न सुताद्विद्यते परम् ॥५॥

5. indro'pyaśrunipātena surabhyā pratibodhitaḥ ,
anyaiḥ samṛddhairapyarthairna sutādvidyate param.

5. indraḥ api aśrunipātena surabhyā pratibodhitaḥ
anyaiḥ samṛddhaiḥ api arthaiḥ na sutāt vidyate param

5. Even Indra was enlightened by Surabhī through her tears. [He understood that] even with other abundant possessions, nothing is superior to a child (suta).

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - King of the gods (Indra)

• अपि (api) - even, also

• अश्रुनिपातेन (aśrunipātena) - by the falling of tears, by weeping

• सुरभ्या (surabhyā) - A divine cow, mother of cows (by Surabhī)

• प्रतिबोधितः (pratibodhitaḥ) - awakened, consoled, enlightened

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by other

• समृद्धैः (samṛddhaiḥ) - by abundant, by prosperous, by rich

• अपि (api) - even, also

• अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - by possessions, by wealth, by objects

• न (na) - not, no

• सुतात् (sutāt) - than a son, from a child

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

• परम् (param) - superior, higher, supreme, ultimate

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - King of the gods (Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (name of the chief Vedic deity, king of Svarga)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'Indra'.

अश्रुनिपातेन (aśrunipātena) - by the falling of tears, by weeping

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśrunipāta

aśrunipāta - fall of tears, weeping, shedding of tears

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśru+nipāta)

• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• nipāta – fall, falling, descent
  noun (masculine)
  Action noun
  Derived from the root 'pat' (to fall) with the prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means or cause for Indra's enlightenment.

सुरभ्या (surabhyā) - A divine cow, mother of cows (by Surabhī)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of surabhi

surabhi - Surabhī (name of a mythical cow, mother of all cows); fragrant, pleasant

Note: Indicates the agent of the action 'pratibodhitaḥ'.

प्रतिबोधितः (pratibodhitaḥ) - awakened, consoled, enlightened

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratibodhita

pratibodhita - awakened, enlightened, roused, consoled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'budh' (to awaken, perceive) with the prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 1)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by other

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

समृद्धैः (samṛddhaiḥ) - by abundant, by prosperous, by rich

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of samṛddha

samṛddha - abundant, prosperous, rich, accomplished, perfected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'ṛdh' (to prosper, grow) with the prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'arthaiḥ'.

अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - by possessions, by wealth, by objects

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, possession, object, matter

Note: Indicates the things being compared.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'vidyate'.

सुतात् (sutāt) - than a son, from a child

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child, offspring

Derived from the root 'sū' (to beget, produce).

Root: sū

Note: Indicates the point of comparison with 'param'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Middle

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice, from root 'vid' of class 4 (divādi).

Root: vid (class 4)

परम् (param) - superior, higher, supreme, ultimate

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate