महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-10, verse-22

कथं जीवेयुरत्यन्तं कथं वर्धेयुरित्यपि ।
इति दीनेषु पार्थेषु मनो मे परितप्यते ॥२२॥

22. kathaṁ jīveyuratyantaṁ kathaṁ vardheyurityapi ,
iti dīneṣu pārtheṣu mano me paritapyate.

22. katham jīveyuḥ atyantam katham vardheyuḥ iti
api | iti dīneṣu pārtheṣu manaḥ me paritapyate

22. How will they possibly survive? How will they prosper? My mind (manas) is greatly pained on account of these distressed sons of Pritha.

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how (possibly) (how, in what manner)

• जीवेयुः (jīveyuḥ) - will they survive (may they live, should they live)

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - completely (at all) (extremely, completely, excessively)

• कथम् (katham) - how (possibly) (how, in what manner)

• वर्धेयुः (vardheyuḥ) - will they prosper (may they grow, may they prosper)

• इति (iti) - thus, so; indicates direct speech or thought

• अपि (api) - and also (also, even, too)

• इति (iti) - thus, regarding this (thought) (thus, so, regarding this)

• दीनेषु (dīneṣu) - on account of these distressed (among the distressed, regarding the weak)

• पार्थेषु (pārtheṣu) - among the sons of Pritha (Pandavas)

• मनः (manaḥ) - my mind (manas) (mind, intellect, heart)

• मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

• परितप्यते (paritapyate) - is greatly pained (is greatly distressed, is afflicted, feels pain)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how (possibly) (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

जीवेयुः (jīveyuḥ) - will they survive (may they live, should they live)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - completely (at all) (extremely, completely, excessively)

(indeclinable)

From 'ati' (beyond) + 'anta' (end).

कथम् (katham) - how (possibly) (how, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

वर्धेयुः (vardheyuḥ) - will they prosper (may they grow, may they prosper)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so; indicates direct speech or thought

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - and also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, regarding this (thought) (thus, so, regarding this)

(indeclinable)

दीनेषु (dīneṣu) - on account of these distressed (among the distressed, regarding the weak)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of dīna

dīna - distressed, miserable, poor, weak, afflicted

From root 'dī' (to waste, pine).

Root: dī (class 4)

पार्थेषु (pārtheṣu) - among the sons of Pritha (Pandavas)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), an epithet for the Pandavas (especially Arjuna)

Derived from 'Pṛthā' (mother of Pandavas) + 'aṇ' (patronymic suffix).

मनः (manaḥ) - my mind (manas) (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, heart

From root 'man' (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

परितप्यते (paritapyate) - is greatly pained (is greatly distressed, is afflicted, feels pain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of pari-tap

Root 'tap' (to heat, suffer) with prefix 'pari' (around, completely). Passive form.

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)