महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-10, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
भगवन्नाहमप्येतद्रोचये द्यूतसंस्तवम् ।
मन्ये तद्विधिनाक्रम्य कारितोऽस्मीति वै मुने ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
bhagavannāhamapyetadrocaye dyūtasaṁstavam ,
manye tadvidhinākramya kārito'smīti vai mune.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca bhagavan na aham api etat rocaye dyūtasaṃstavam
manye tat vidhinā ākramya kāritaḥ asmi iti vai mune

1. Dhritarashtra said: O venerable one, I also do not approve of this gambling arrangement. I believe, O sage, that I was compelled to act by destiny (vidhi), having been overcome by it.

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one, O fortunate one, O divine one

• न (na) - not, no

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अपि (api) - also, even, too, moreover

• एतत् (etat) - this

• रोचये (rocaye) - I approve, I like, I desire

• द्यूतसंस्तवम् (dyūtasaṁstavam) - gambling arrangement, dice-play proposal

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• विधिना (vidhinā) - by destiny (vidhi) (by fate, by rule, by ordinance)

• आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having overpowered, having attacked, having assailed

• कारितः (kāritaḥ) - made to do, caused to be done

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• मुने (mune) - O sage

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper noun)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root vac (to speak) in perfect active 3rd singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O venerable one, O fortunate one, O divine one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, fortunate, divine, lord

Possessive adjective from bhaga (fortune, glory).

Note: Used to address a revered person, here likely Sanjaya.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

अपि (api) - also, even, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the gambling.

रोचये (rocaye) - I approve, I like, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ruc

Present Tense

Root ruc (to shine, to please) in causative present active 1st singular.

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Used with dative or accusative object for 'to be pleased with', 'to approve'.

द्यूतसंस्तवम् (dyūtasaṁstavam) - gambling arrangement, dice-play proposal

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dyūtasaṃstava

dyūtasaṁstava - gambling arrangement, dice-play proposal/practice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dyūta+saṃstava)

• dyūta – gambling, dice-play
  noun (neuter)
  Root: div (class 4)
• saṃstava – praise, acquaintance, practice, arrangement
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: stu (class 2)

Note: Refers to the act or proposal of gambling.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Tense

Root man (to think) in present middle voice 1st singular.

Root: man (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the event of being made to gamble.

विधिना (vidhinā) - by destiny (vidhi) (by fate, by rule, by ordinance)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - fate, destiny, rule, ordinance, method

Root: dhā (class 3)

आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having overpowered, having attacked, having assailed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root kram (to step) with prefix ā, forming an absolutive.

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Describes the action by which 'vidhi' acted.

कारितः (kāritaḥ) - made to do, caused to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kārita

kārita - made to do, caused to be done

Causative Past Passive Participle

Derived from the causative stem of root kṛ (to do) with past passive participle suffix -ta.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies the implied subject 'I' (aham).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Tense

Root as (to be) in present active 1st singular.

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates the end of a quote or thought.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

मुने (mune) - O sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

Note: Refers to Sanjaya, to whom Dhritarashtra is speaking.