महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-25, verse-20

वृतः सुमहता राजन्बलेन चतुरङ्गिणा ।
आजगाम पुनर्वीरः शक्रप्रस्थं पुरोत्तमम् ॥२०॥

20. vṛtaḥ sumahatā rājanbalena caturaṅgiṇā ,
ājagāma punarvīraḥ śakraprasthaṁ purottamam.

20. vṛtaḥ sumahatā rājan balena caturangiṇā
ājagāma punar vīraḥ śakraprastham purottamam

20. O King, the hero, accompanied by a very large four-division army, returned to Śakraprastha, the finest of cities.

Words meanings summery:

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (surrounded, accompanied, chosen)

• सुमहता (sumahatā) - by a very large (by a very great, by a very large)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• बलेन (balena) - by an army/force (by force, by an army)

• चतुरन्गिणा (caturangiṇā) - by a four-division (army, referring to elephants, chariots, cavalry, and infantry) (by a four-limbed (army), by a four-division (army))

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - he returned (he came, he went)

• पुनर् (punar) - again, indicating return (again, back, anew)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (referring to the subject who came) (hero, brave man, warrior)

• शक्रप्रस्थम् (śakraprastham) - to Śakraprastha (name of a city)

• पुरोत्तमम् (purottamam) - the best of cities

Words meanings and morphology

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied (surrounded, accompanied, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, accompanied, covered, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सुमहता (sumahatā) - by a very large (by a very great, by a very large)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, mighty, enormous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important, mighty
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with balena.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

From root rāj (to shine, rule)

Root: rāj (class 1)

बलेन (balena) - by an army/force (by force, by an army)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, might, army, force

चतुरन्गिणा (caturangiṇā) - by a four-division (army, referring to elephants, chariots, cavalry, and infantry) (by a four-limbed (army), by a four-division (army))

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of caturangin

caturangin - having four parts/divisions, a four-division army

Derived from caturaṅga + in suffix.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (catur+anga)

• catur – four
  indeclinable
• anga – limb, body, part, division, component
  noun (neuter)

आजगाम (ājagāma) - he returned (he came, he went)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (Lit) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Reduplicated perfect form (Ā-jagāma).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

पुनर् (punar) - again, indicating return (again, back, anew)

(indeclinable)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (referring to the subject who came) (hero, brave man, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior, champion

Note: Subject of ājagāma.

शक्रप्रस्थम् (śakraprastham) - to Śakraprastha (name of a city)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śakraprastha

śakraprastha - Śakraprastha (name of a city, often identified with Indraprastha)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śakra+prastha)

• śakra – Indra (king of gods), powerful, mighty
  proper noun (masculine)
• prastha – flat land, plain, plateau, extent, region, measure
  noun (neuter)
  From pra + root sthā (to stand)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of motion for ājagāma.

पुरोत्तमम् (purottamam) - the best of cities

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of purottama

purottama - best city, excellent city

Compound type : tatpurusha (pura+uttama)

• pura – city, town, fortress
  noun (neuter)
• uttama – best, highest, chief, excellent, principal
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of ud (up)