महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-21, verse-20

क्लान्तः शत्रुर्न कौन्तेय लभ्यः पीडयितुं रणे ।
पीड्यमानो हि कार्त्स्न्येन जह्याज्जीवितमात्मनः ॥२०॥

20. klāntaḥ śatrurna kaunteya labhyaḥ pīḍayituṁ raṇe ,
pīḍyamāno hi kārtsnyena jahyājjīvitamātmanaḥ.

20. klāntaḥ śatruḥ na kaunteya labhyaḥ pīḍayitum raṇe
pīḍyamānaḥ hi kārtsnyena jahyāt jīvitam ātmanaḥ

20. O son of Kuntī (Bhīma), an exhausted enemy should not be oppressed in battle. For if one is completely tormented, he would indeed give up his own life (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• क्लान्तः (klāntaḥ) - exhausted, wearied

• शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy

• न (na) - not

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Bhīma (O son of Kuntī)

• लभ्यः (labhyaḥ) - to be obtained, possible

• पीडयितुम् (pīḍayitum) - to oppress, to torment

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• पीड्यमानः (pīḍyamānaḥ) - being tormented

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely, entirely

• जह्यात् (jahyāt) - he would abandon, he would give up

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, his own

Words meanings and morphology

क्लान्तः (klāntaḥ) - exhausted, wearied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of klānta

klānta - weary, exhausted, tired

Past Passive Participle

From √klam (to be weary)

Root: klam (class 1)

शत्रुः (śatruḥ) - enemy

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

Root: śat (class 10)

Note: Subject of the implied predicate.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Bhīma (O son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī

Taddhita derivation from Kuntī, referring to her sons (Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

लभ्यः (labhyaḥ) - to be obtained, possible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of labhya

labhya - attainable, to be gained, possible

Gerundive

From √labh (to obtain), suffix -ya

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śatruḥ.

पीडयितुम् (pīḍayitum) - to oppress, to torment

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of pīḍ

Infinitive

From √pīḍ (to oppress), suffix -tum

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Used with labhyaḥ.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

From √raṇ (to delight, to sound), but here refers to battle

Root: raṇ (class 1)

पीड्यमानः (pīḍyamānaḥ) - being tormented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pīḍyamāna

pīḍyamāna - being tormented, being oppressed

Present Passive Participle

From √pīḍ (to oppress), passive stem + śānac suffix

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the reason.

कार्त्स्न्येन (kārtsnyena) - completely, entirely

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kārtsnya

kārtsnya - completeness, totality

From kṛtsna (whole, entire) + -ya (abstract noun)

Note: Modifies pīḍyamānaḥ.

जह्यात् (jahyāt) - he would abandon, he would give up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of hā

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Expresses a consequence or potential outcome.

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence

Past Passive Participle

From √jīv (to live), used as a noun

Root: jīv (class 1)

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of oneself, his own

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit

Note: Possessive 'his own'.