महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-21, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततस्तं निश्चितात्मानं युद्धाय यदुनन्दनः ।
उवाच वाग्मी राजानं जरासंधमधोक्षजः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tatastaṁ niścitātmānaṁ yuddhāya yadunandanaḥ ,
uvāca vāgmī rājānaṁ jarāsaṁdhamadhokṣajaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tataḥ tam niścitātmānam yuddhāya
yadunandanaḥ uvāca vāgmī rājānam jarāsaṃdham adhokṣajaḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, the eloquent Krishna (yadunandana), Adhokṣaja, addressed King Jarasandha, who was resolute in his mind (ātman) for battle.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

• तम् (tam) - Jarasandha (him, that)

• निश्चितात्मानम् (niścitātmānam) - whose mind (ātman) was determined (having a resolute self (ātman), determined)

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

• यदुनन्दनः (yadunandanaḥ) - Krishna (delight of the Yadus, Krishna)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वाग्मी (vāgmī) - eloquent, speaker

• राजानम् (rājānam) - King Jarasandha (king)

• जरासंधम् (jarāsaṁdham) - Jarasandha

• अधोक्षजः (adhokṣajaḥ) - Krishna (Adhokṣaja (epithet of Vishnu/Krishna))

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, Vyāsa's disciple)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - Jarasandha (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निश्चितात्मानम् (niścitātmānam) - whose mind (ātman) was determined (having a resolute self (ātman), determined)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niścitātman

niścitātman - one whose mind (ātman) is determined, resolute

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niścita+ātman)

• niścita – ascertained, decided, determined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ci with niś
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ci (class 5)
• ātman – self, soul, mind, essence
  noun (masculine)

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Derived from √yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

यदुनन्दनः (yadunandanaḥ) - Krishna (delight of the Yadus, Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yadunandana

yadunandana - delight of the Yadus, son of Yadu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yadu+nandana)

• yadu – Yadu (a king, ancestor of Krishna)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – delight, son
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nand (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

वाग्मी (vāgmī) - eloquent, speaker

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāgmin

vāgmin - eloquent, good speaker

राजानम् (rājānam) - King Jarasandha (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

जरासंधम् (jarāsaṁdham) - Jarasandha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jarāsaṃdha

jarāsaṁdha - Jarasandha (name of a king of Magadha)

अधोक्षजः (adhokṣajaḥ) - Krishna (Adhokṣaja (epithet of Vishnu/Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhokṣaja

adhokṣaja - Adhokṣaja (an epithet of Vishnu or Krishna, meaning 'one whose material knowledge is not diminished' or 'beyond sense perception')