महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-21, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततस्तं निश्चितात्मानं युद्धाय यदुनन्दनः ।
उवाच वाग्मी राजानं जरासंधमधोक्षजः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tatastaṁ niścitātmānaṁ yuddhāya yadunandanaḥ ,
uvāca vāgmī rājānaṁ jarāsaṁdhamadhokṣajaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tataḥ tam niścitātmānam yuddhāya
yadunandanaḥ uvāca vāgmī rājānam jarāsaṃdham adhokṣajaḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, the eloquent Krishna (yadunandana), Adhokṣaja, addressed King Jarasandha, who was resolute in his mind (ātman) for battle.

1. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, אז פנה אַדְהוֹקְשַׁג׳ַה, בן שושלת יַדוּ הדובר היטב, אל המלך ג׳ַרָאסַמְדְהַא שהחליט להילחם.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

• तम् (tam) - Jarasandha (him, that)

• निश्चितात्मानम् (niścitātmānam) - whose mind (ātman) was determined (having a resolute self (ātman), determined)

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

• यदुनन्दनः (yadunandanaḥ) - Krishna (delight of the Yadus, Krishna)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• वाग्मी (vāgmī) - eloquent, speaker

• राजानम् (rājānam) - King Jarasandha (king)

• जरासंधम् (jarāsaṁdham) - Jarasandha

• अधोक्षजः (adhokṣajaḥ) - Krishna (Adhokṣaja (epithet of Vishnu/Krishna))

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, Vyāsa's disciple)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - Jarasandha (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निश्चितात्मानम् (niścitātmānam) - whose mind (ātman) was determined (having a resolute self (ātman), determined)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niścitātman

niścitātman - one whose mind (ātman) is determined, resolute

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niścita+ātman)

• niścita – ascertained, decided, determined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ci with niś
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ci (class 5)
• ātman – self, soul, mind, essence
  noun (masculine)

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Derived from √yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

यदुनन्दनः (yadunandanaḥ) - Krishna (delight of the Yadus, Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yadunandana

yadunandana - delight of the Yadus, son of Yadu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yadu+nandana)

• yadu – Yadu (a king, ancestor of Krishna)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – delight, son
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nand (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

वाग्मी (vāgmī) - eloquent, speaker

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāgmin

vāgmin - eloquent, good speaker

राजानम् (rājānam) - King Jarasandha (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

जरासंधम् (jarāsaṁdham) - Jarasandha

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jarāsaṃdha

jarāsaṁdha - Jarasandha (name of a king of Magadha)

अधोक्षजः (adhokṣajaḥ) - Krishna (Adhokṣaja (epithet of Vishnu/Krishna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhokṣaja

adhokṣaja - Adhokṣaja (an epithet of Vishnu or Krishna, meaning 'one whose material knowledge is not diminished' or 'beyond sense perception')

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